Afman 11 218

The pilot or ground crewmember holds the left hand horizontally with palm down and makes a circular motion with the right index finger (finger below extended palm). The ground crewmember gives the affirmative signal if lights are operational or a negative signal (thumbs down) if lights are inoperative. The ground crewmember indicates the condition of individual lights by pointing to the location and giving the appropriate signal for affirmative or negative.

To signal rudder movement, extend the right hand forward horizontally from the elbow (palm vertical) and move the hand left or right in conjunction with movement of the rudder.

To signal aileron movement, extend both hands forward horizontally from the elbow (palms down) and move hands up and down in conjunction with the movement of the ailerons.

To signal horizontal stabilizer or elevator movement, extend both hands forward horizontally from the elbow (palms down) and move hands up and down in conjunction with the horizontal stabilizer or elevator control surface movement.

Runway safety area (RSA) The RSA is an area surrounding the runway intended for use by aircraft in emergency situations; it is measured from the runway ends and centerline. The RSA may extend up to 500 feet from the runway centerline and 1,000 feet beyond the runway ends. Note: The RSA is part of the CMA. Controlled movement area (CMA) The CMA includes the surfaces of an airfield used for take-off, landing, and taxiing of aircraft, excluding aircraft ramps, aprons, and parking areas. Do not operate aircraft on the CMA without air traffic control clearance (T-0). Non-CMA Ramps, aprons, and parking areas not under air traffic control. Local guidance may dictate a ramp authority to contact or procedures to follow.

Approaching head on, or approximately so, each aircraft shall stop or alter its course to the right to keep well clear Converging course, the aircraft with the other on its right shall give way Aircraft that is being overtaken by another aircraft shall have the right-of-way and the overtaking aircraft shall keep well clear of the other aircraft

Between sunset and sunrise, a person operating an aircraft on the ground wishing to attract the attention of the control tower should turn on a landing light and taxi the aircraft into a position, clear of the active runway, so that light is visible to the tower. The landing light should remain on until appropriate signals are received from the tower. Acknowledge tower instructions during daylight hours by moving the ailerons or rudder; acknowledge instructions at night by blinking the landing or navigation lights. Watch the tower for light signals if a radio malfunction occurs after departing the parking area.