An Illegal Hazmat Dump

If you smell freshly cut hay in an urban setting, you should suspect the presence of: Select one: a. Sarin, a nerve agent. b. phosgene, a choking agent. c. any of the riot control agents. d. hydrogen cyanide, a blood agent.

What type of occupancy is MOST likely to be targeted by terrorists? Select one: a. An airport b. A rural farm c. A private residence d. An old building with no historical significance

Sarin (GB) and Soman (GD) are examples of _____ agents. Select one: a. blood b. nerve c. blister d. choking

Which type of concept differentiates between nontargeted emergencies and a targeted attack? Select one: a. Intent b. Use of PPE c. Unknown materials d. Monitoring and detection devices

An electromagnetic pulse may indicate a: Select one: a. dirty bomb. b. suicide bomb. c. nuclear attack. d. radiological attack.

Where should apparatus be positioned in a radiological or nuclear incident? Select one: a. Upwind of the incident b. Downwind of the incident c. As close to the detonation point as possible d. At least 1 mile (1.5 km) from the detonation point

Indicators of a package or letter bomb include: Select one: a. small rectangular sizes. b. careful writing with correct spelling. c. mail showing oily stains or discoloration. d. postmarks that are the same as the return address.

At biologic attack incidents, isolation and containment issues will primarily involve: Select one: a. managing infected victims. b. using universal precautions. c. getting everyone out of the area. d. making plans for follow-up with victims.

Illicit labs are generally: Select one: a. unprotected. b. not dangerous. c. extremely hazardous. d. found only in urban areas.

What should you do if you spot or suspect a booby trap or secondary device? Select one: a. Try to disarm it. b. Sample it for evidence. c. Move it to a secure location. d. Contact bomb squad personnel.

The most common type of IED found in the United States is a: Select one: a. pipe bomb. b. tennis ball bomb. c. plastic bottle bomb. d. carbon dioxide grenade.

The greatest threat of mass-produced WMD agents most likely comes from: Select one: a. isolated terrorist groups. b. hackers or cyberterrorists. c. developing nations that want to make themselves known on the world political stage. d. nations or organizations with the infrastructure, finances, and scientific knowledge to produce them.

An infectious disease that can spread rapidly from person to person is: Select one: a. toxic. b. poisonous. c. contagious. d. noncontagious.

Why is it so difficult to trace the source of a biological attack? Select one: a. They occur too frequently. b. Biological agents are readily available. c. It is easy to weaponize viruses and bacteria. d. There may be a delay of weeks before someone becomes ill.

What separates terrorist tactics from legitimate activities? Select one: a. Leadership structure b. Funding from grass roots sources c. Rhetoric based on a charismatic leader's philosophies d. The decision to engage in criminal, intimidating activities

What is an indicator of a biological attack? Select one: a. Unexplained odors or tastes b. Unusually colored smoke or flames c. Unexplained vapor clouds, mists, and plumes d. Casualty distribution aligned with wind direction

Unexplained patterns or sudden onset of similar, nontraumatic and non-infectious illnesses or death may indicate a possible _____ attack. Select one: a. chemical b. explosive c. incendiary d. biological/etiological

What organization heads U.S. government agencies in investigating and attempting to prevent terrorist attacks on U.S. soil? Select one: a. FBI b. EPA c. IAFC d. AFTE

Which phase of a blast-pressure wave can cause damage? Select one: a. Both phases b. Neither phase c. Positive-pressure phase only d. Negative-pressure phase only

Nerve agents: Select one: a. have a pungent unique odor. b. attack the cardiovascular system. c. are liquids at ambient temperatures. d. are absorbed only through the respiratory system.

An industrial chemical that is toxic at a certain concentration and is produced in quantities exceeding 30 tons (30.5 tonnes) per year at one facility is called a(an): Select one: a. poisonous chemical (PC). b. toxic industrial material (TIM). c. industrial toxic chemical (ITC). d. highly regulated toxic material (HRTM).

Which category of chemical agents may be sold legally as personal defense devices? Select one: a. Nerve gas b. Blood agents c. Riot control agents d. Chemical asphyxiants

If you suspect a suicide bomber, what is the first priority? Select one: a. Leave immediately. b. Apprehend the suspect. c. Clear and isolate the area. d. Warn the suspect not to move.

An act of terrorism is intended to: Select one: a. avoid public infrastructure. b. inflict as little damage as possible. c. spare first responders but not civilians. d. cause damage, inflict harm, and/or kill.

What type of terrorism presents a threat to computer/network security? Select one: a. Assassination b. Agroterrorism c. Cyberterrorism d. Suicide bombings

If terrorist activity is suspected at an incident, first responders must immediately: Select one: a. retreat. b. notify law enforcement. c. take public safety samples. d. attempt to restrain those responsible.

High explosives: Select one: a. only have a low-pressure phase. b. only have a positive-pressure phase. c. do not require an oxidizing component. d. detonate faster than the speed of sound.

An explosion results when a material undergoes a physical or chemical reaction and: Select one: a. two fuels are rapidly mixed. b. the oxidizing component is removed. c. rapidly contracting gases cause the surrounding atmosphere to implode. d. rapidly expanding gases compress the surrounding atmosphere into a shock front.

Which of the following might suggest an illicit lab? Select one: a. Barred windows at an Alzheimer's facility b. Laboratory glassware in a high school science class c. Disinfectants and gloves in a motel's cleaning facility d. Unusual odors in unexpected places such as hotel rooms

What kind of explosives are usually used as detonators because they are easily initiated and highly sensitive to heat? Select one: a. Low b. High c. Primary d. Secondary

Which mode of disease transmission has the potential to infect a large number of people quickly? Select one: a. Vector b. Droplet c. Airborne d. Direct contact

Which of the following is MOST likely to be a hazard at an illegal hazmat dump? Select one: a. Shrapnel b. Booby traps c. High levels of radiation d. Unlabeled and/or mixed chemicals

Unusually colored smoke or flames combined with unusually fast burning fires may indicate: Select one: a. a nuclear explosion. b. an explosive device. c. a biological weapon. d. radiological contamination.

What types of explosives commonly take the form of a white crystal or powder that must be mixed with a fuel source? Select one: a. Nitrate-based b. Fluorine-based c. Chlorate-based d. Peroxide-based

When identifying IEDs, responders should be cautious of any: Select one: a. trash bag. b. round object. c. see-thru plastic bottles. d. item that is out of context or seems unusual.

Aged chemicals: Select one: a. are not a hazard. b. may become unstable. c. cannot contaminate groundwater. d. are not considered to be illegally dumped.

Which type of biological agent can only replicate inside a host's living cells and does not respond to antibiotics? Select one: a. Toxins b. Viruses c. Bacteria d. Rickettsias

Who should move, defuse, or handle explosive devices? Select one: a. The initial responder b. Only a hazmat technician c. Only a certified, trained bomb technician d. The highest ranking responder at the scene

Orphaned hazardous materials may be an issue during terrorist attacks and: Select one: a. natural disasters. b. training exercises. c. legal hazmat dumps. d. in medical occupations.

Mustard agents and arsenical vesicants: Select one: a. attack and cause tissue damage to lungs. b. kill quickly by attacking the nervous system. c. burn and blister the skin or any other part of the body they contact. d. prevent red blood cells from carrying oxygen to other cells in the body.

What type of explosives are nonmilitary first responders MOST likely to encounter? Select one: a. Mining explosives b. Mortars or grenades c. Antipersonnel mines d. Improvised Explosive Materials

Universal precautions are meant to protect against: Select one: a. gases. b. explosives. c. chemical agents. d. biological agents.

How do blood agents cause harm? Select one: a. They are infectious. b. They cause disseminated blood coagulation. c. They interfere with the body's ability to use oxygen. d. They cause immediate and widespread bleeding from all body orifices.

Any device (other than a nuclear explosive device), specifically designed to disseminate radioactive material to cause destruction, damage, or injury, is called a: Select one: a. radiation enhancer (RE). b. radiation-emitting device (RED). c. radiological-dispersal device (RDD). d. radiological-dispersal weapons (RDW).

What is a dirty bomb? Select one: a. A nuclear bomb b. A weapon that releases radiological materials c. An explosive covered with petrochemical products d. Legal fireworks that have been manipulated to be more powerful

Traditional terrorist tactics include assassination, armed assault, and: Select one: a. bombings. b. agroterrorism. c. cyberterrorism. d. nuclear attacks.

At a radiological or nuclear incident, it is important to: Select one: a. position apparatus downwind of the incident. b. immediately conduct overhaul and clean-up operations. c. decon exposed victims and then release them as soon as possible. d. establish background radiation levels outside the suspected contamination area.

Upon discovery of a possible illicit lab, responders should immediately: Select one: a. search for booby traps. b. take public safety samples. c. get out and report it to authorities. d. determine what is being manufactured.

If you discover an occupancy where common materials (such as coffee filters, water bottles, coffee grinders, etc.) are being used in an unusual way, you might suspect a(an): Select one: a. illicit lab. b. gas leak. c. illegal hazmat dump. d. chronically ill patient.

What are the incident priorities in a terrorist incident? Select one: a. It depends on the incident b. To capture and punish the terrorists c. The same as other emergency incidents d. To downplay the terrorist aspect of the incident

Who should be notified if a biological attack is suspected? Select one: a. OSHA b. State police or sheriff c. Local health care agency d. Local emergency management agency

Illegal hazmat dumps: Select one: a. are not hazmat incidents. b. may occur in any jurisdiction. c. do not require backup or PPE. d. are not considered emergencies.

Situations that can cue the responder to consider the possibility of terrorist attack include: Select one: a. an explosion in a rural area. b. a severe flu outbreak in winter. c. one person diagnosed with an unusual disease. d. two or more medical emergencies in public locations.

The primary operational objective at a chemical attack is to: Select one: a. implement decon. b. administer antidotes. c. identify the chemical involved. d. do the greatest good for the greatest number.

The deliberate release of a toxic gas, liquid, or solid that can poison people and the environment is a(an) _____ attack. Select one: a. chemical b. incendiary c. radiological d. biological/etiological

Which type of attack may not be as immediately obvious? Select one: a. Nuclear b. Biological c. Explosive d. Chemical

What type of explosives decompose rapidly and include velocities faster than the speed of sound? Select one: a. Low explosives b. High explosives c. Medium explosives d. Intermediate explosives

An illegal hazmat dump: Select one: a. rarely involves mixed chemicals. b. will only occur in rural jurisdictions. c. may contain unlabeled and/or mixed chemicals. d. does not pose environmental contamination hazards.

A scattering of small metal objects such as nuts, bolts, or nails, may indicate a(an) _____ attack. Select one: a. nuclear b. chemical c. biological d. explosive

Terrorist organizations plan activities that will: Select one: a. further rational discourse. b. impact the fewest people. c. assist in a peaceful transition of power. d. have an emotional effect on the target population.

The only way to confirm if radiation is present at an incident is to: Select one: a. look for glowing materials. b. observe a mushroom cloud. c. use radiological monitoring equipment. d. listen for the sound of disintegrating material.

The potential for natural disasters should be considered and addressed: Select one: a. in rural areas. b. during storm season. c. in preincident surveys and preplanning. d. in large-scale, multijurisdictional incidents.

Secondary devices are often designed to: Select one: a. warn first responders. b. neutralize terrorist suspects. c. affect an ongoing emergency response. d. go off at the same time as primary attacks.

Terrorists deliberately target locations where: Select one: a. civilians are present. b. there is little infrastructure. c. damage is likely to go unnoticed. d. few people are likely to be injured.