Substance Abuse Prevention

Army Substance Abuse Program. Its mission is to strengthen the overall fitness and effectiveness of the Army's total workforce, conserve manpower, and enhance the combat readiness of Soldiers.

AR 600-85, 'The Army Substance Abuse Program.' It establishes the Army's policy for the prevention of substance abuse and the rehabilitation of substance-impaired personnel.

ADAPT stands for Alcohol and Drug Abuse Prevention and Treatment. It is the Air Force's substance abuse program, providing prevention education, outpatient treatment, and aftercare services.

The five methods the study key expects are: (1) voluntary/self-identification, (2) commander or supervisor identification, (3) biochemical identification (urinalysis), (4) medical identification, and (5) investigation and/or apprehension. Note: AR 600-85 paragraph 7-2a actually enumerates SEVEN methods, in both the 4 October 2024 and 23 July 2020 editions — the five-method version collapses drug testing and alcohol testing into a single "biochemical" method and omits "other" (for example a Family Advocacy Program referral). Answer five if the key demands it, but the regulation says seven.

The objectives are to: (1) Deter Soldiers from abusing drugs, (2) Facilitate early identification of alcohol and/or drug abuse, (3) Enable commanders to assess unit security, fitness, good order and discipline, (4) Monitor rehabilitation of those enrolled for substance abuse, and (5) Collect data on drug abuse prevalence.

DA Form 8003 (Referral Form). All ASAP referrals are accomplished by the Commander or First Sergeant using this form.

Soldiers must be referred to ASAP for evaluation within 5 duty days of notification of a positive urinalysis for illicit drug use or involvement in alcohol-related misconduct.

Yes. ASAP participation is mandatory for all Soldiers who are command referred. Failure to attend a mandatory counseling session may constitute a violation of Article 86 of the UCMJ (failure to repair).

No. Soldiers currently enrolled in the ASAP rehabilitation program are not allowed to reenlist. However, they may be extended to complete enrollment if needed.

Soldiers who fail to participate in or fail to respond successfully to rehabilitation will be processed for administrative separation and not be provided another opportunity for rehabilitation except under the most extraordinary circumstances.

Personnel will not promote any function that glamorizes the use of alcohol through drinking contests, games, initiations, or the awarding of alcoholic beverages as prizes in any military-affiliated activity.

The four elements are: (1) Identification and referral, (2) Individual comprehensive biopsychosocial assessments and command consultation, (3) Rehabilitation and follow-up, and (4) Mandatory monthly rehabilitation reviews.

Commanders may direct testing for: unit inspections, probable cause, competence for duty evaluations, rehabilitation monitoring, mishap/safety investigations, voluntary consent, new entrant screening, and medical purposes.

Yes. A command-referred Soldier will be flagged IAW AR 600-8-2 (Suspension of Favorable Personnel Action). The flag suspends favorable personnel actions during enrollment in ASAP.

Binge drinking is defined as consuming 5 or more drinks within 2 hours for men, or 4 or more drinks within 2 hours for women, which leads to a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.08 g/dL or higher.

According to the DoD Health Related Behaviors Survey, approximately 34% of service members engaged in binge drinking, 9.8% drank heavily, and 6.2% experienced one or more serious consequences from drinking.

The military maintains a zero-tolerance policy for illegal drug use. Any service member found using illicit substances may face administrative action, dishonorable discharge, or criminal prosecution under the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ).

Untreated alcohol problems are linked to up to 50% of suicides, sexual assaults, and intimate partner violence incidents. Service members who abuse alcohol have higher rates of misconduct and illness, affecting unit readiness.

The objectives are to: return Soldiers to full duty as quickly as possible, identify those who cannot be rehabilitated, refer them to appropriate treatment facilities, and resolve associated family issues.

Physical signs include: bloodshot or glassy eyes, dilated or constricted pupils, sudden weight changes, deterioration of physical appearance and hygiene, unusual smells on breath/body/clothing, tremors, slurred speech, and impaired coordination.

Behavioral signs include: drop in performance, increased absenteeism, unexplained financial problems, secretive or suspicious behavior, sudden changes in friends or social activities, mood swings, irritability, and loss of motivation.

The EAP provides confidential assessment, short-term counseling, and referral services for civilian employees with substance abuse problems. Civilian employees may self-refer or be referred by supervisors.

Substance abuse is a disqualifying factor for security clearance eligibility. A history of drug abuse, alcohol-related incidents, or failed drug tests can result in denial or revocation of a security clearance under Adjudicative Guidelines H (Drug Involvement) and G (Alcohol Consumption).

Substance abuse is a pattern of use that leads to significant impairment or distress (e.g., failure to fulfill obligations, legal problems). Substance dependence involves tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, compulsive use, and inability to control or stop use despite harmful consequences.

Alcohol impairs judgment, slows reaction time, reduces coordination, causes slurred speech, and impairs vision. Long-term effects include liver disease, cardiovascular problems, neurological damage, weakened immune system, and increased cancer risk.

The legal BAC limit is 0.08 g/dL, consistent with most state laws. However, commanders may impose lower limits and any alcohol-related incident may result in administrative or UCMJ action regardless of BAC.

Effects include euphoria, altered perception of time, impaired memory and concentration, increased appetite, bloodshot eyes, dry mouth, impaired coordination, and anxiety or paranoia. It can be detected in urine for up to 30 days or more.

Synthetic drugs can cause rapid heart rate, vomiting, agitation, confusion, hallucinations, seizures, and in some cases death. They are banned under military regulations and federal law, and their unpredictable chemical composition makes them especially dangerous.

The UPL is a trained individual appointed by the commander to manage the unit urinalysis program, provide substance abuse prevention education, and serve as the liaison between the unit and the installation ASAP office.

Resources include ASAP/ADAPT counselors, Military OneSource (confidential counseling), TRICARE-covered treatment, chaplains, the Veterans Crisis Line (988 then press 1), peer support programs, and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) helpline.

True, with limitations. Self-referral before being identified by other means provides limited protection from UCMJ action. However, it does not protect against actions based on separately discovered evidence, and a Soldier must self-refer before being notified of a positive urinalysis or pending investigation.

MDMA causes euphoria, increased energy, emotional warmth, and distorted perception of time. Dangerous effects include hyperthermia, dehydration, serotonin syndrome, jaw clenching, nausea, muscle cramping, and in severe cases, organ failure or death.

Prescription drug misuse includes taking medication not prescribed to you, taking more than prescribed, or using it for non-medical purposes. It can result in UCMJ action, administrative separation, overdose, and loss of security clearance. Opioids, benzodiazepines, and stimulants are the most commonly misused categories.

ADAPT is the Air Force program while ASAP is the Army program. ADAPT provides a full continuum of care including prevention, education, outpatient treatment, and aftercare. Both programs share the goals of restoring readiness and returning service members to duty, but operate under their respective service regulations.

Consequences may include: UCMJ action (Article 112a), administrative separation, reduction in grade, loss of security clearance, mandatory ASAP/ADAPT enrollment, career-ending effects including bars to reenlistment, and a federal drug conviction on the service member's record.

ASAP services are available to active duty military personnel, their dependents, civilian employees, retired military personnel, and their family members.

The commander is responsible for identifying substance abuse problems, making referrals, ensuring Soldiers attend treatment, conducting unit prevention activities, maintaining the urinalysis program, and making disposition decisions for Soldiers who fail rehabilitation.

The stages are: (1) Pre-contemplation (not yet recognizing the problem), (2) Contemplation (recognizing the problem exists), (3) Preparation (preparing to take action), (4) Action (actively modifying behavior), and (5) Maintenance (sustaining the change long-term).

A random urinalysis inspection is an unannounced drug test of randomly selected service members within a unit. It can be authorized by a commander at any level. The selection must be truly random and cannot be used to target specific individuals.

Detection windows vary: marijuana (3-30+ days), cocaine (2-4 days), amphetamines (1-3 days), opioids (1-3 days), PCP (3-7 days), and MDMA (1-3 days). Factors include frequency of use, metabolism, body mass, and hydration levels.

Aftercare provides ongoing support after initial treatment to prevent relapse. It typically includes continued counseling, support group attendance, regular check-ins with a counselor, and commander monitoring. Aftercare usually lasts 12 months following completion of primary treatment.

AR 600-85, 'The Army Substance Abuse Program,' dated 4 October 2024, effective 4 October 2024. It is a mandated revision that supersedes the 23 July 2020 edition, and it rescinded Army Directive 2018-23 and Army Directive 2021-21 on publication. Many older ASAP study keys were written against the 2016 or 2020 editions; the 2024 revision renamed the unit prevention leader (UPL) to unit deterrence leader (UDL) throughout and removed that leader's prevention-training duties.

On 28 September 1971, Public Law 92-129 mandated that the Secretary of Defense develop programs for the identification, treatment, and rehabilitation of alcohol- or other drug-dependent persons in the Armed Forces. Public Laws 91-616 and 92-255 authorized the same for DoD Civilians. Note on paragraph numbering: this is paragraph 1-6, 'Program authority,' in both the 4 October 2024 and 23 July 2020 editions. Study keys that cite '1-5' are following an older edition; 1-5 is 'Records management (recordkeeping) requirements' in both current editions.

Three: deterrence, prevention, and treatment. Many course keys answer 'prevention and treatment' (two tenets); that is wrong against the regulation, which names three in paragraph 1-7c of BOTH the 4 October 2024 and the 23 July 2020 editions. Table 1-1 maps each tenet to its supporting capabilities: deterrence is supported by drug testing, prevention by identification/detection, referral, targeted education and risk reduction, and treatment by referral and counseling services.

12 months. A Soldier with a subsequent alcohol or drug-related incident of misconduct at any time during the 12-month period following successful completion of SUD treatment, or during the 12-month period following removal from treatment for any reason, will be processed for separation as an alcohol or drug abuse rehabilitation failure. This expanded period does not prevent separation for other reasons authorized by existing separation policy. The rule appears twice: as a principle at paragraph 1-7d(4) and as a separation rule at paragraph 10-6a.

Drinking in a way that does not adversely affect an individual's ability to fulfill their obligations and does not negatively impact the individual's job performance, health, well-being, or the good order and discipline in a unit or organization. Paragraph 3-1a adds that responsible use includes self-imposed limitations of time, place, and quantity.

The answer most ASAP course keys expect is a blood alcohol concentration equal to or greater than .05 grams of alcohol per 100 milliliters of blood - that is exactly what paragraph 3-2a said in the 23 July 2020 edition. Note the current rule: the 4 October 2024 edition DELETED that number from 3-2a and now reads only 'Impairment of Soldiers is defined in UCMJ, Article 112.' Article 112 (10 U.S.C. 912) sets no numeric threshold at all - it punishes being drunk on duty and being incapacitated for the proper performance of duty. The .05 figure survives in the current edition in exactly one place, paragraph 10-12a(1), where a blood alcohol concentration of .05 percent or above while on duty is the reasonable-suspicion trigger for command-directed testing.

Soldiers should never permit alcohol to: (1) impair the rational and full exercise of their behavioral and physical faculties while on duty; (2) reduce their personal readiness and/or reliability; (3) bring discredit upon themselves, another Soldier, or the Army as a whole; or (4) result in behavior that is in violation of AR 600-85 and/or the UCMJ.

The commander will initiate administrative separation in accordance with paragraph 10-6. The same paragraph requires separation processing for any Soldier convicted of driving while intoxicated (DWI) or driving under the influence (DUI) two times during their career. This rule still reads as stated: the 4 October 2024 edition kept it at paragraph 3-3a, changing only the verb from the 2020 edition's 'process all Soldiers for separation' to 'initiate administrative separation.'

Any offense of a civil or military nature that is punishable under the UCMJ by confinement for a term exceeding 1 year. That definition is in paragraph 10-6a(1), not in the chapter 3 sanctions paragraph that states the rule.

Inspection; search or seizure/probable cause; competence for duty; treatment; mishap or safety inspection; consent; new entrant; and medical. Two cautions about study keys: the paragraph is 3-4, 'Authorized purposes for military alcohol testing' (keys that cite 3-5 are on an older edition - 3-5 is the screening-device paragraph in both current editions), and item (d) is 'Treatment,' not 'rehabilitation.' Rehabilitation is the corresponding term in the DRUG testing list at paragraph 4-5.

There is no mandated rate. Paragraph 3-7 states that although no testing rate is currently mandated, commanders may conduct alcohol screening tests, and confirmation tests as required, on the whole or part of their units to ensure the security, military fitness, and good order and discipline of the unit. Commanders must avoid the appearance of selective testing or of using screening tests to target individuals.

That they were required to be on duty at that time. Alcohol screening and confirmation tests should only be performed during duty hours when the Soldiers selected have prior knowledge that they should be on duty. The regulation's own example: if a commander calls an unannounced alert and Soldiers report at 0430 when they were scheduled to report at 0630, the alcohol test cannot be administered until at least 0630 - but if they had previously been told to report at 0430, they may be tested at 0430.

Within 5 working days of the incident or investigation, using DA Form 8003. The commander refers all Soldiers identified by alcohol testing, DUI/DWI, investigation, apprehension, underage drinking, or a reportable incident involving alcohol. The current edition adds a second, separate referral: those Soldiers also go to the Alcohol and Drug Abuse Prevention Training (ADAPT), which must be completed within 60 days of the positive result or the incident prompting the referral. The 23 July 2020 edition had no ADAPT referral here and said simply 'within 5 days.'

Unpredictability. High frequencies of unpredictable random testing events deter Soldiers because they know they may be selected at any time. The randomness must extend beyond random selection of Soldiers - it must include randomness of frequency (how often the commander tests) and periodicity (when during the month, week, or day the commander tests). Testing conducted this way is called 'smart testing.'

10 percent of assigned end strength each month. Commanders may conduct several smaller collections within a month to meet the 10 percent monthly requirement, and the primary selection method should be the inspection random (IR) test code. In addition, Soldiers not selected for random urinalysis during the first three quarters of a fiscal year will be tested in the fourth quarter using the inspection other (IO) code. Unit sweeps should not be used to meet the random testing requirement.

No. A Soldier testing positive on previous drug tests, or pending separation for drug test failure, is not a valid reason to exempt that Soldier from continued testing regardless of test basis. Commanders must not stop random or probable cause testing on any Soldier; Soldiers may only be exempted when they are truly unavailable to provide a specimen, such as leave or temporary duty.

No. Field testing of urine specimens is unauthorized. All urine specimens will be forwarded to the supporting Forensic Toxicology Drug Testing Laboratory (FTDTL) for testing.

Within 30 calendar days of the company commander receiving notification of the positive result from the ASAP, in accordance with paragraph 10-6. The current edition adds a second clock: the Soldier is also referred to the Alcohol and Drug Abuse Prevention Training (ADAPT) course and must complete it within 60 calendar days. If the positive is for a medical-review-officer-reviewable drug, no adverse administrative or legal action is initiated pending the MRO determination.

By statute (10 U.S.C. 912a(b)(1)): opium, heroin, cocaine, amphetamine, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), methamphetamine, phencyclidine, barbituric acid, and marijuana, and any compound or derivative of any such substance. The statute also reaches any substance on a schedule prescribed by the President for the article, and anything in Schedules I through V of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 812). Do not confuse this with the Army's own restatement: AR 600-85 paragraph 4-2k lists a different, more clinical set - amphetamines, barbiturates, cocaine, ecstasy, opiate, heroin, phencyclidine, THC Delta-9, oxycodone/oxymorphone, benzodiazepines, LSD, steroids, and synthetic cannabis (Spice).

Chemicals, propellants or inhalants ('huffing'); dietary supplements banned by DoD, the DEA or the FDA; anything on the DEA controlled substance list, including spice, marijuana and synthetic cannabinoids; Salvia divinorum; naturally occurring substances such as Salvia divinorum and Jimson weed that are on the DEA list; any prescription drug without a current prescription written specifically for that Soldier; prescription or over-the-counter drugs used contrary to their intended medical purpose, in excess of the prescribed dosage, or other than as prescribed; and controlled substance analogues and designer drugs.

6 months. Absent an otherwise specified date from the prescriber, use of prescription substances defined as Schedules II-V in 21 U.S.C. 812 is considered expired and illegitimate 6 months after the most recent date of fill as shown on the prescription label. The clock runs from the DISPENSING date, not the label expiration date of the medication itself, and a prescription is valid only for the period written by the prescribing authority.

No. Use of products made or derived from hemp, including CBD, is prohibited regardless of the product's claimed or actual THC concentration and regardless of whether the product is lawful for civilians. The prohibition covers any route of administration - ingested, injected, inhaled, food products, transdermal patches, topical lotions and oils, soaps, shampoos and cosmetics. This provision is punitive and violations may be punished under UCMJ Article 92(1). Durable goods such as hemp rope or clothing are not prohibited, and FDA-approved cannabinoid drugs for which the Soldier holds a valid prescription, such as dronabinol and Epidiolex, are excepted.

A Urinalysis Observation Briefing Memorandum. It outlines the observer's duties and warns that failing to perform those duties could subject the observer to prosecution under the UCMJ and/or adverse administrative action. Observers are also briefed on and given a demonstration of their duties beforehand, and commanders should use senior NCOs or officers in the chain of command as observers whenever possible.

Nine. In accordance with DoDI 1010.01, the nine test bases are: (a) inspection, (b) search or seizure/probable cause (PO), (c) competence for duty (CO), (d) rehabilitation (RO), (e) mishap or safety inspection (AO), (f) voluntary/member consent (VO), (g) medical examination (MO), (h) new entrant (NO), and (i) other (OO). Study keys that list eleven have wrongly promoted the three sub-codes of purpose (a) - inspection random (IR), inspection other (IO), and inspection unit or unit sweep (IU) - to the top level. Those three are subdivisions of the single purpose 'inspection,' which is why 9 becomes 11 when they are miscounted.

Inspection random (IR), a scientifically valid random selection in which every Soldier has an equal chance of being selected each time; inspection other (IO), a valid inspection under circumstances set out in the commander's policy memorandum, such as Soldiers who were selected but unavailable, or who are returning from AWOL, leave, pass or temporary duty; and inspection unit or unit sweep (IU), testing an entire unit or a readily identifiable sub-unit such as a platoon or staff section. A unit sweep must never be used to target an individual Soldier the commander suspects of using drugs - that requires probable cause and the PO code.

Special provisions allow: release of potentially disqualifying information obtained from the Soldier during the SUD evaluation and treatment; suspension and/or revocation of access to classified material, chemical agents or nuclear agents; restriction or suspension of aviation, firefighting, police, corrections, rigging and certain medical duties; notification to the DoD Consolidated Adjudications Facility (DoD CAF); and increased frequency of random testing. Note for older study keys: the notification recipient was renamed from the Army Central Clearance Facility to the DoD CAF, so answers naming the Army central clearance facility are out of date.

A minimum of once each fiscal year. Participation in SUD treatment is not by itself sufficient cause to identify a Soldier as a security risk under AR 380-67, though the circumstances of a given case may warrant suspending access to classified material. The same minimum annual urinalysis applies to Soldiers performing Personnel Reliability Program duties and to aviation personnel on flight status.

Three: (1) prevent Soldiers from knowing when they will be tested until just before the test; (2) maintain control of the Soldiers selected for testing until they provide their specimens; and (3) ensure the observers perform their duties correctly. A Soldier who knows when the urinalysis will be conducted may attempt to substitute another fluid or contaminate the specimen so it is untestable.

2 hours. Once a Soldier is in the testing site holding area, only the commander who ordered the test may authorize the Soldier to leave before providing a specimen, and the commander should provide an NCO or officer escort while the Soldier is away from the holding area. Note for study keys: this is paragraph 4-10, 'Smart testing techniques' - not 4-3, which is the 'Hallmarks of a good unit Drug testing Program' paragraph.

Always testing on Mondays; asking for volunteers; listing the test on the training schedule; announcing the next day's test at the end of the duty day or by email; calling Soldiers in for an alert but telling them it is for a urinalysis; calling attention to future testing by conspicuously handling urinalysis supplies or preparing the required forms; stopping collections before every selected Soldier has provided a specimen; and printing testing documents and labels on shared printers.

Whatever is on the current DoD drug testing panel. AR 600-85 does not fix the list itself: the Forensic Toxicology Drug Testing Laboratories test specimens for the panel listed in DoDI 1010.16 or the most recent DoD policy memorandum, whichever is more current. If a commander needs to test for a drug not on the DoD panel, they coordinate with ASAP staff for specimen requirements and shipment to the appropriate DoD laboratory or the Armed Forces Medical Examiner System.

Seven, not five: (1) voluntary (self), (2) command, (3) drug testing, (4) alcohol testing, (5) medical, (6) investigation/apprehension, and (7) other, for example the Family Advocacy Program. Study keys that answer 'five methods' collapse drug testing and alcohol testing into a single 'biochemical' entry and drop the 'other' category; paragraph 7-2a enumerates seven in both the 4 October 2024 and the 23 July 2020 editions.

Voluntary (self) identification. The individual whose performance, social conduct, interpersonal relations or health becomes impaired has a personal obligation to seek help, and command policies will encourage Soldiers and DA Civilians to seek assistance voluntarily and avoid actions that would discourage it. A Soldier may initially request help from their commander, primary care provider, chaplain, any officer or NCO in the chain of command, or other agencies. The Limited Use Policy exists to encourage Soldiers to proactively seek help.

Not unless the Soldier waives the privilege. Confidential communication could limit a chaplain from notifying the Soldier's unit commander; the Soldier may waive the communication privilege and allow the chaplain to inform the commander. If the Soldier does not waive it, the chaplain will inform the Soldier that SUD treatment is available through the behavioral health clinic.

To facilitate early identification and care of Soldiers with substance use disorders and to maximize successful SUD treatment. Applied properly it does not conflict with the Army's mission or standards of discipline, and it is expressly NOT intended to protect a Soldier who is attempting to avoid disciplinary or adverse administrative action.

It prohibits the government from using protected evidence against a Soldier in UCMJ actions or on the issue of characterization of service in administrative proceedings, and it limits the discharge characterization to 'Honorable' if protected evidence is used. Protected evidence is limited to: command-directed test results inadmissible under the Military Rules of Evidence; results collected solely as part of a safety mishap investigation; information from emergency medical care sought solely for an actual or possible overdose; a Soldier's self-referral to behavioral health for SUD treatment; admissions made on initial entry into treatment about use occurring before referral; test results where the Soldier volunteered for treatment before being ordered to test; and results of testing required as part of the treatment program itself.

No to both. Limited use is automatic. It is not granted, and it cannot be vacated or withdrawn - it may only be waived in the situations described in paragraph 10-13d. Separately, the policy does not stop a provider from disclosing knowledge of illegal acts that may compromise or adversely affect the mission, national security, or the health and welfare of others, and it does not cover information that the patient presently possesses illegal drugs or committed an offense while under the influence.

Except for Soldiers referred to a court-martial empowered to impose a punitive discharge, commanders will process for separation all Soldiers who are: (1) involved in two serious incidents of alcohol-related misconduct within a 12-month period; (2) involved in illegal trafficking, distribution, possession with intent to distribute, or sale of illegal drugs; (3) identified as an illegal drug abuser by a verified positive test, or who tested positive for illegal drugs a second time during their career; or (4) convicted of DWI or DUI a second time during their career. 'Process for separation' means the separation action is initiated and processed through the chain of command to the separation authority for action.

The retention authority is elevated. For Regular Army and Active Guard Reserve Soldiers whom commanders support retaining, the decision goes to the first general officer in the chain of command, with a judge advocate or legal advisor, before going to the general court-martial convening authority. NCOs corporal and above processed for separation require a retention decision from the first GO; separation decisions for specialist and below remain with existing separation authorities. Separation actions on enlisted Soldiers with 18 or more years of qualifying service for retired pay go to HQDA for final decision.

Assist the battalion commander in implementing the battalion drug and alcohol testing program; ensure all Soldiers and leaders receive face-to-face substance misuse prevention training annually; implement the prevention and education initiatives in chapter 9; appoint a certified officer or NCO (E-5 or above) on orders as unit deterrence leader and alternate; document that newly assigned Soldiers were briefed on ASAP policies within 30 days of arrival; maintain liaison with ASAP and SUD staffs; maintain ASAP elements while deployed; foster a command climate that discourages substance abuse and gambling disorder; consult the servicing legal office for all drug and alcohol related offenses; immediately report drug trafficking offenses to CID; report initiation and final disposition of positive drug tests and two-incident alcohol cases to the ASAP manager; refer any Soldier to behavioral health within 5 duty days of notification of a positive urinalysis or alcohol-related misconduct; refer those Soldiers to ADAPT, to be completed within 60 calendar days; sign the unit SOP at least annually; initiate separation for all rehabilitation failures; and attend battalion At-Risk meetings.

The URI must be administered to all Soldiers at least 120 days BEFORE an operational deployment, and the R-URI to all Soldiers between 30 and 180 days AFTER returning from an operational deployment. Beware older study keys here: the 23 July 2020 edition said 'between 30 and 90 days after,' and the 4 October 2024 edition widened the window to 180 days. Garbled answers reading 'between 90 30 and 180 days' are the two editions' numbers collided into one line.

Use the Army Values to set the example for their Soldiers in not abusing drugs and alcohol and in supporting the Army's Drug Testing Program; educate, train and motivate subordinates to create a climate that rejects substance abuse and reinforces positive individual and social activity on and off duty; and observe individuals under their supervision, especially those with substandard performance or misconduct that may indicate substance abuse problems. Note the change: the current edition directs leaders to consult the servicing legal advisor and applicable regulations to determine the appropriate course of action, where the 23 July 2020 edition instead directed them to fully document the evidence and refer subordinates to the commander or ASAP when appropriate.

The UDL is the successor to the UPL: the 4 October 2024 edition renamed the unit prevention leader to unit deterrence leader throughout and removed that leader's prevention-training duties. UDLs are appointed on orders by their company or equivalent commander, must be trained and certified through the DPRR UDL certification training program, design and implement the company substance abuse program SOP with the commander and battalion deterrence leader, assist in administering the battalion drug and alcohol testing program, inform the commander of ASAP status and abuse trends in the company, maintain liaison with the servicing behavioral health clinic, and advise and assist unit leaders on all ASAP matters.