California Guard Card Test Answers (BSIS Powers to Arrest)
Guard card answers for independent study: review 60 Powers to Arrest questions, the ones test takers report first, each answered from and quoted from the Bureau of Security and Investigative Services' Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual (revised July 2023). Not an official BSIS answer key.
Study questions for the California security guard card Powers to Arrest training, built from the Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual (revised July 2023) published by the California Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (BSIS). Covers the role of security personnel, report writing, citizen's arrest law, infractions, misdemeanors and felonies, searches and frisks, use of force, criminal and civil liability, the merchant's privilege rule and turning a suspect over to the police. Every answer is grounded in the manual text.
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01Who are peace officers? A. Law enforcement officers such as sheriffs and their deputies, constables, marshals and city police, whose duty is to enforce the law and preserve the public peace. B. Any registered security guard while on duty. C. Any private person who makes a citizen's arrest. D. Proprietary private security officers employed by one business.
A. Law enforcement officers such as sheriffs and their deputies, constables, marshals and city police, whose duty is to enforce the law and preserve the public peace. The manual lists sheriffs and their deputies, constables, marshals and city police as peace officers.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“Peace officers are law enforcement officers such as Sheriffs and their Deputies, Constables, Marshals, members of city police forces, and other officers whose duty is to enforce the law and preserve the public peace.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗02What is a security guard/proprietary private security officer assigned to do? A. Protect specific people and property. B. Enforce all laws everywhere, including traffic laws. C. Arrest anyone suspected of prostitution anywhere in the city. D. Patrol public streets for traffic violations.
A. Protect specific people and property. That can include offenses such as a fight or burglary, but not traffic violations or prostitution.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“A security guard, proprietary private security officer, or alarm agent is assigned to protect specific people and property. This may include detecting some of the same offenses that would cause a peace officer to act, such as a fight or burglary. It would not include other offenses such as motor vehicle traffic violations or prostitution.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗03In report writing, what is a fact? A. What has actually happened, or what is known to be true. B. A judgment or opinion formed as a result of the facts. C. Whatever the guard's employer wants the report to say. D. A rumor repeated by people at the scene.
A. What has actually happened, or what is known to be true. A fact is what actually happened; a conclusion is an opinion formed from the facts.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“A fact is what has actually happened, or what is known to be true.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗04In report writing, what is a conclusion? A. What has actually happened, or what is known to be true. B. A judgment or opinion formed as a result of the facts. C. Whatever the guard's employer wants the report to say. D. A rumor repeated by people at the scene.
B. A judgment or opinion formed as a result of the facts. Reports should state facts, not conclusions.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“A conclusion is a judgment or opinion formed as a result of the facts.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗05Your employer enlists your help in conducting an inspection of employees. Which statement is correct? A. It is not a search, and you should always make sure the employer has notified the employees first. B. It is a search, so a warrant is required. C. Only a peace officer may conduct it. D. Employees must never be told about it in advance.
A. It is not a search, and you should always make sure the employer has notified the employees first. The manual says an employee inspection is not a search and the employer must notify the employees first.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“As security personnel, your employer may enlist your assistance in conducting inspections of employees. This is not a search. Always make sure the employer has notified the employees first.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗06What is an arrest? A. A form of lawful control by one person over the actions or movements of another. B. Any conversation in which a guard asks a person questions. C. A written warning given to a trespasser. D. A search of a person for evidence.
A. A form of lawful control by one person over the actions or movements of another. An arrest is taking a person into custody in a case and in the manner authorized by law.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“An arrest is a form of lawful control by one person over the actions or movements of another.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗07What is criminal liability? A. The potential for punishment as a result of violating a criminal law. B. The possibility of being sued by another for what you do or fail to do. C. A claim for damages between two private parties. D. An employer's duty to pay for a guard's training.
A. The potential for punishment as a result of violating a criminal law. Anyone who violates a criminal law is subject to a fine and/or jail or prison, depending on the crime.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“The potential for punishment as a result of violating a criminal law is called CRIMINAL LIABILITY.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗08What is intimidation? A. Threatening physical harm or otherwise frightening people when they do not cooperate or confess to a crime. B. Telling a subject your intention, cause and authority to arrest. C. Asking people on the owner's property what they are doing there. D. Calling the police after an arrest.
A. Threatening physical harm or otherwise frightening people when they do not cooperate or confess to a crime. The manual lists intimidation among the actions that can bring criminal liability.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“Threatening physical harm or otherwise frightening people when they do not cooperate or confess to a crime.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗09Excessive physical force: what can happen to an arresting party who uses more force than the law allows? A. They may be held criminally as well as civilly liable. B. Nothing, as long as the subject was guilty. C. They may be held civilly liable, but never criminally. D. Only their employer can be held responsible.
A. They may be held criminally as well as civilly liable. Force beyond what the law allows is excessive force.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“Where more force is used than that which the law allows, the arresting party is said to be using "excessive force" and may be held criminally as well as civilly liable.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗10What are infractions? A. Offenses punishable only by a modest monetary fine, normally with no jail sentence. B. Offenses punishable by a fine and/or a term in the county jail. C. More serious offenses that may be punishable by death, imprisonment in a jail or prison, and/or a fine. D. Any act a security guard personally dislikes.
A. Offenses punishable only by a modest monetary fine, normally with no jail sentence. Infractions are the least serious of the three categories of offenses.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“Infractions are offenses that are punishable only by a modest monetary fine. There is normally no jail sentence imposed for committing an offense defined as an infraction”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗11What are misdemeanors? A. Offenses punishable only by a modest monetary fine, normally with no jail sentence. B. Offenses punishable by a fine and/or a term in the county jail. C. More serious offenses that may be punishable by death, imprisonment in a jail or prison, and/or a fine. D. Any act a security guard personally dislikes.
B. Offenses punishable by a fine and/or a term in the county jail. Misdemeanors sit between infractions and felonies.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“Misdemeanors are offenses that are punishable by a fine and/or a term in the county jail.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗12What is a felony? A. Offenses punishable only by a modest monetary fine, normally with no jail sentence. B. Offenses punishable by a fine and/or a term in the county jail. C. More serious offenses that may be punishable by death, imprisonment in a jail or prison, and/or a fine. D. Any act a security guard personally dislikes.
C. More serious offenses that may be punishable by death, imprisonment in a jail or prison, and/or a fine. A felony is the most serious of the three categories of offenses.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“A felony is a more serious offense that may be punishable by a sentence of death, imprisonment in a jail or prison, and/or a fine.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗13Which statement about detainment matches the BSIS Powers to Arrest manual? A. A person who voluntarily responds to questioning and is not actually restrained (free to go at any time) is considered to be detained. B. A person is detained only after being handcuffed. C. Only a peace officer's questioning can count as detainment. D. Detainment means the person has been convicted.
A. A person who voluntarily responds to questioning and is not actually restrained (free to go at any time) is considered to be detained. Detention is described by voluntary response to questioning without actual restraint.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“A person who voluntarily responds to questioning and is not actually restrained (i.e., free to go at any time) is considered to be detained.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗14What is a frisk, and when should it occur? A. A limited search for a concealed weapon, after the subject is arrested. B. A full search for evidence, before deciding whether to arrest. C. An inspection of an employee's car at the end of the day. D. A check of identification papers, before any questioning.
A. A limited search for a concealed weapon, after the subject is arrested. The only thing you may search for is weapons.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“A frisk is a limited search for a concealed weapon. This should occur after the subject is arrested.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗15A security guard/proprietary private security officer is an ____ of the property owner and can question people on the owner's property. A. Agent. B. Employee of the police. C. Peace officer. D. Tenant.
A. Agent. As the owner's agent, security can ask people on the property what they are doing there and who they are.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“A security employee is an agent of the owner of the private property and, in this role, can exercise the owner's right to ask people on the (owner's) property what they are doing there, who they are, etc.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗16If prevention is not possible, the role of a security guard/proprietary private security officer should be to: A. Observe and report. B. Arrest everyone involved. C. Leave the area without reporting. D. Use force to stop the incident.
A. Observe and report. When an incident cannot be prevented, the proper action is to observe and report.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“If you can't prevent an incident, the proper action should be to observe and report.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗17The main role of a security guard/proprietary private security officer should be: A. Prevention, before an incident or offense occurs. B. Making as many arrests as possible. C. Enforcing traffic laws. D. Investigating crimes after they happen.
A. Prevention, before an incident or offense occurs. Prevention is why security personnel should be highly visible.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“The major responsibility of security personnel should be prevention before an incident/offense occurs. Thus, security personnel should be highly visible.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗18A security guard/proprietary private security officer's primary responsibility should be to protect the _____ or ______ he or she is assigned to protect. A. Persons, property. B. Customers, vehicles. C. Laws, public peace. D. Employer, peace officers.
A. Persons, property. The manual says the primary role is to protect persons and prevent damage or destruction to property.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“The security employee's primary role should be to protect persons and prevent damage or destruction to property.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗19A security guard/proprietary private security officer is NOT: A. A peace officer. B. An agent of the property owner. C. A private person with the power to arrest. D. A representative of the employer.
A. A peace officer. The manual stresses that security personnel are not peace officers.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“It is important to remember that as a security guard, proprietary private security officer, or alarm agent, you are not a peace officer!”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗20What is civil liability? A. The responsibility for things we do, or fail to do, with the possibility of being sued by another. B. The potential for punishment as a result of violating a criminal law. C. A fine for an infraction. D. The power to arrest that is given to all private persons.
A. The responsibility for things we do, or fail to do, with the possibility of being sued by another. Civil liability comes from lawsuits between parties; criminal liability comes from violating a criminal law.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“The responsibility for the things we do, or fail to do, with the possibility of being sued by another is called "CIVIL LIABILITY."”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗21It is ____ to carry a firearm without a firearm permit and a valid security guard registration. A. Illegal. B. Legal on private property. C. Legal if the employer approves. D. Legal during daylight hours.
A. Illegal. A guard cannot carry a gun without the additional exposed firearm permit.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“Security guards cannot carry a gun and/or a baton unless they have the additional exposed firearm permit and/or baton certificate.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗22A proprietary private security officer's registration card does not allow the proprietary private security officer to carry a: A. Weapon, such as a gun or baton. B. Notebook. C. Flashlight. D. Radio.
A. Weapon, such as a gun or baton. Proprietary private security officers are unarmed.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“Proprietary private security officers are unarmed and cannot carry a gun or a baton.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗23Is a security guard/proprietary private security officer obligated by law to make an arrest? A. No. B. Yes, for any crime committed in their presence. C. Yes, but only for felonies. D. Yes, whenever the employer is present.
A. No. You may be at the scene when a violation occurs, but you do not have to make an arrest.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“At no time are you, as a security employee, obligated to make a citizen's arrest. You may be at the scene when a violation occurs, but you do not have to make an arrest.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗24When a security guard/proprietary private security officer makes an arrest, it is called an: A. Arrest by a private person, or citizen's arrest. B. Arrest by a peace officer. C. Infraction. D. Inspection.
A. Arrest by a private person, or citizen's arrest. Security personnel arrest under the same powers as any private person (Penal Code Section 837).
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“Penal Code Section 837 specifies the conditions under which you, as a private person, may make an arrest.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗25What term should be used for an arrested person until the court finds the person guilty or innocent? A. Suspect. B. Criminal. C. Offender. D. Burglar.
A. Suspect. Terms that imply guilt should not be used for an arrested person.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“When a person is arrested, that person is called a suspect. The person is then considered a suspect until the court finds the person guilty or innocent.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗26In an arrest situation, what is reasonable force? A. A degree of force reasonably needed to detain an individual and to protect oneself. B. Any amount of force the guard chooses. C. Force strong enough to punish the subject. D. Deadly force against anyone who runs.
A. A degree of force reasonably needed to detain an individual and to protect oneself. The manual cites People v. Garcia (1969) for this definition.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“Reasonable force in an arrest situation is a degree of force reasonably needed to detain an individual and to protect oneself.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗27Upon arrest, a security guard/proprietary private security officer may search for ____ and may search only when they have cause to believe that the arrested person is armed. A. Weapons only. B. Evidence of the crime. C. Stolen property and drugs. D. Identification papers.
A. Weapons only. A search is allowed only for weapons, and only with reasonable cause to believe you are in physical danger.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“Remember: You may search for only one thing - weapons (Penal Code Section 846).”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗28Which Penal Code section does the manual cite for the rule that a suspect who is actually arrested may be searched for weapons only? A. Penal Code Section 846. B. Penal Code Section 834. C. Penal Code Section 490.5. D. Penal Code Section 849(c).
A. Penal Code Section 846. The manual also says a frisk for a concealed weapon should occur after the subject is arrested.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“A frisk is a limited search for a concealed weapon. This should occur after the subject is arrested.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗29The person/security guard/proprietary private security officer who makes an arrest will be recorded as the: A. Person making the arrest (arresting party). B. Witness. C. Victim. D. Peace officer's assistant.
A. Person making the arrest (arresting party). For a misdemeanor charge, the manual says you will be recorded as the person making the arrest.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“If the suspect is charged with a misdemeanor (such as trespassing, petty theft, or disturbing the peace), you will be recorded as the person making the arrest.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗30What 6 points should be included in a report? A. Who, what, where, when, how, and names of witnesses. B. Who, why, opinions, conclusions, guesses, and rumors. C. Weather, traffic, lighting, noise, crowd size, and time of shift. D. Suspect's guilt, punishment, fine, jail term, motive, and record.
A. Who, what, where, when, how, and names of witnesses. These are the six facts the manual says to include when you write a report.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“4. When: pay attention to the specific time and the passage of time 5. How: describe the behavior of all involved 6. Names of witnesses: include contact information if possible”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗31What is the role of a security guard/proprietary private security officer? A. To protect people and property for their employer. B. To enforce all state laws. C. To issue citations for traffic violations. D. To investigate crimes for the police.
A. To protect people and property for their employer. Security personnel protect people and property for the employer.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“A security employee's role is to protect people and property for their employer.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗32To do the job well, the security guard/proprietary private security officer must ____, ____, and ____. A. Be alert, listen, watch. B. Arrest, search, detain. C. Patrol, cite, fine. D. Question, frisk, release.
A. Be alert, listen, watch. How security reacts to a given situation is at the employer's discretion.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“To do the job well, you must: o Be alert o Listen o Watch The decision on how security personnel should react to any given situation is at the discretion of the employer.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗33How is a peace officer's responsibilities different from a security guard/proprietary private security officer's responsibilities? A. Security personnel protect only specific people and property as directed by their employers; peace officers protect all people and all property and enforce laws. B. Peace officers protect only specific people and property; security personnel protect all people and enforce laws. C. There is no difference. D. Security personnel enforce traffic laws; peace officers do not.
A. Security personnel protect only specific people and property as directed by their employers; peace officers protect all people and all property and enforce laws. Peace officers enforce the law for everyone; security personnel protect what their employer directs.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“Security personnel only protect specific people and property as directed by their employers. o Peace officers protect all people and all property and enforce laws.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗34The authority to arrest is given to all ______ ______. A. Private persons. B. Peace officers only. C. Licensed guards only. D. Property owners only.
A. Private persons. A security employee has the same power to arrest as any other private person.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“The authority to arrest is given to all private persons. A security employee has the same power to arrest as any other private person.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗35An arrest is taking a person into custody ______ and _____ authorized by law. A. In a case, in the manner. B. At any time, in any place. C. With force, with a warrant. D. By a guard, by the employer.
A. In a case, in the manner. The manual puts IN A CASE and IN THE MANNER in capitals.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“An arrest is taking a person into custody IN A CASE and IN THE MANNER authorized by law.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗36TRUE or FALSE: Anyone who violates a criminal law is subject to a fine, and/or a term in jail, or prison, depending on the type of crime. A. True. B. False.
A. True. This potential for punishment is called criminal liability.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“Anyone who violates a criminal law is subject to a fine, and/or a term in jail, or prison, depending on the type of crime.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗37TRUE or FALSE: Becoming registered as a security guard entitles a security guard to carry a weapon. A. True. B. False.
B. False. A gun or baton also needs the exposed firearm permit and/or baton certificate.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“Becoming registered as a security guard DOES NOT entitle a security guard to carry a weapon.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗38What can the legal term "party" refer to? A. A person, company, or organization. B. Only a person. C. Only a government agency. D. Only a peace officer.
A. A person, company, or organization. A party that believes it was wronged by another may make a lawful claim for damages.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“The legal term "PARTY" can be a person, company, or organization.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗39When one party believes it has been injured, damaged, or wronged by another party, it may make: A. A lawful claim for damages. B. A citizen's arrest. C. A search for weapons. D. An inspection of employees.
A. A lawful claim for damages. This is the basis of civil liability.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“When one party believes it has been injured, damaged, or wronged by another party, it may make a lawful claim for damages.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗40As a security guard/proprietary private security officer, you are a representative of your ______. Therefore, any negligence or wrongful acts committed by you may also cause your ______ to be held responsible. A. Employer. B. Client's customers. C. Local police department. D. Family.
A. Employer. Your negligence or wrongful acts can make your employer responsible too.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“As a security guard/proprietary private security officer, you are a representative of your employer. Therefore, any negligence or wrongful acts committed by you may also cause your employer to be held responsible.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗41What factors should you consider before making a citizen's arrest? A. Physical size, weapons, escape, type of offense, and relation to your job. B. The subject's age, clothing, accent, car and job. C. Only whether your shift is about to end. D. Only whether a crowd is watching.
A. Physical size, weapons, escape, type of offense, and relation to your job. Besides the law, the manual lists these factors to weigh before making a citizen's arrest.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“Relation to your job: Does the offense relate to property or persons you were hired to protect?”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗42What are the three categories of arrestable offenses? A. Infractions, misdemeanors, and felonies. B. Citations, warnings, and arrests. C. Civil, criminal, and administrative. D. Minor, major, and capital.
A. Infractions, misdemeanors, and felonies. The Penal Code classifies crimes into these three categories.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“The Penal Code classifies crimes into three categories: Infractions, Misdemeanors, and Felonies.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗43The following two conditions must exist in order for you to arrest a person on a misdemeanor charge: A. The misdemeanor must have been attempted or committed, and it must have taken place in your presence. B. The misdemeanor must have been committed, and reasonable cause must exist to believe the person committed it. C. A peace officer must approve the arrest, and the person must confess. D. Your employer must be present, and a witness must sign a statement.
A. The misdemeanor must have been attempted or committed, and it must have taken place in your presence. For a misdemeanor, the offense must have happened in your presence.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“The following two conditions must exist in order for you to arrest a person on a misdemeanor charge: 1. The misdemeanor must have been attempted or committed. 2. It must have taken place (happened) in your presence.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗44The following two conditions must exist in order to arrest a person on a felony charge: A. The felony must have been attempted, and a peace officer must be present. B. The felony must have been committed, and reasonable cause must exist to believe the person being arrested actually committed it. C. The felony must have happened on your employer's property, and the person must confess. D. Your employer must approve, and a witness must sign a statement.
B. The felony must have been committed, and reasonable cause must exist to believe the person being arrested actually committed it. For a felony, the manual requires the felony to have been committed plus reasonable cause.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“The following two conditions must exist in order to arrest a person on a felony charge: 1. The felony must have been committed. 2. A reasonable cause must exist to believe that the person being arrested actually committed the crime.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗45A security guard/proprietary private security officer's legal powers to arrest are ______ than those of any other private citizen. A. No greater. B. Greater. C. Twice as great. D. Unlimited compared with.
A. No greater. Security personnel arrest as private persons.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“Security personnel's legal powers to arrest are no greater than those of any other private citizen.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗46What does Penal Code Section 837 specify? A. The conditions under which a private person may make an arrest. B. That an arrest is taking a person into custody in a manner authorized by law. C. A merchant's authority to detain suspected shoplifters. D. That a peace officer must record a release.
A. The conditions under which a private person may make an arrest. Section 837 sets out when a private person may arrest.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“Penal Code Section 837 specifies the conditions under which you, as a private person, may make an arrest.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗47TRUE or FALSE: According to our legal system, a person is innocent until proven guilty. A. True. B. False.
A. True. That is why an arrested person is called a suspect.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“According to our legal system, a person is innocent until proven guilty.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗48TRUE or FALSE: You can refer to an arrested person as the "criminal," "offender," "robber," "murderer," "burglar," or by any other term which implies guilt. A. True. B. False.
B. False. A person is innocent until proven guilty, so the arrested person is a suspect.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“Therefore, do not refer to an arrested person as the "criminal," "offender," "robber," "murderer," "burglar," or by any other term which implies guilt.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗49Use of force: if a subject resists arrest, what are you allowed to do? A. Use reasonable force to subdue the subject. B. Use any force at all, including deadly force. C. Never use force of any kind. D. Use force only after a peace officer arrives.
A. Use reasonable force to subdue the subject. Reasonable force is force that is not excessive and is appropriate to protect yourself or your property.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“If a subject resists arrest, you are allowed to use reasonable force to subdue the subject. Reasonable force is that degree of force that is not excessive and is appropriate in protecting oneself or one's property.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗50It should be clear to the suspect that he/she is under arrest after you have told the suspect of your ____, ____, and ____. A. Intention, cause, and authority to arrest. B. Name, badge number, and employer. C. Rights, charges, and bail. D. Location, time, and witnesses.
A. Intention, cause, and authority to arrest. Telling the subject your intention, cause and authority makes the arrest clear.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“It should be clear to the subject that they are under arrest after you have told the subject of your intention, cause, and authority to arrest them.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗51TRUE or FALSE: Guilt by association is a lawful way to make arrests. A. True. B. False.
B. False. The manual says guilt by association is not a lawful way to make arrests.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“Guilt by association is not a lawful way to make arrests. Let's look at an example:”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗52TRUE or FALSE: You are allowed to search someone in order to find evidence for making a citizen's arrest. A. True. B. False.
B. False. The only search allowed is for weapons.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“You are not allowed to search someone in order to find evidence for making a citizen's arrest.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗53What is contraband? A. Illegal items, most commonly narcotics, that may be discovered during a frisk. B. Any item a guard finds suspicious. C. Property that belongs to the employer. D. Notes collected for an incident report.
A. Illegal items, most commonly narcotics, that may be discovered during a frisk. The most common type of contraband is narcotics.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“During a frisk, you may also discover illegal items called contraband. The most common type of contraband is narcotics.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗54Where is the Merchant's Privilege Rule found? A. California Penal Code Section 490.5. B. California Penal Code Section 834. C. California Penal Code Section 846. D. California Penal Code Section 849(c).
A. California Penal Code Section 490.5. The rule covers detaining suspected shoplifters in retail settings.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“The Merchant's Privilege Rule is found in California Penal Code Section 490.5.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗55TRUE or FALSE: When working for a retail merchant, reasonable non-deadly force may be used to carryout the detention where the suspect resists. A. True. B. False.
A. True. The manual lists this among the things to remember when working for a retail merchant.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“Reasonable non-deadly force may be used to carry out the detention where the subject resists.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗56After you arrest someone, you must turn him or her over to the police ____. A. Without delay. B. Within 24 hours. C. At the end of your shift. D. Only after your employer approves.
A. Without delay. The manual says to contact the police without delay after an arrest.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“After you arrest someone, you must contact the police without delay.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗57What does custody mean? A. To take charge of. B. To release. C. To question. D. To search.
A. To take charge of. If the subject is charged with a serious offense, police may take them to the station for fingerprints and photographs.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“Custody means "to take charge of." If the subject is charged with a serious offense, the police may take them to the station to take fingerprints and photographs.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗58Release from custody: if the peace officer decides to release the suspect, what does Penal Code Section 849(c) provide? A. The peace officer shall include a record of release in the report. B. The security guard must pay the suspect's court costs. C. The suspect must be arrested again by the guard. D. The suspect must sign a confession before release.
A. The peace officer shall include a record of release in the report. Such an arrest is then deemed a detention only (Penal Code Section 849.5).
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“If the peace officer decides to release the suspect, Penal Code Section 849(c) provides that the peace officer shall include a record of release in the report.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗59TRUE or FALSE: If you arrest a suspect, you must call the police. A. True. B. False.
A. True. When police arrive, make your statement; the officer may release or arrest the subject.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“If you arrest a subject, you must call the police. When they arrive, make your statement; the peace officer may choose to release or arrest the subject.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗60TRUE or FALSE: The ability of the security guard/proprietary private security officers to fulfill their duties is dependent upon securing and maintaining public respect and approval, which includes obtaining the public's willingness to cooperate in the task of preventing crime. A. True. B. False.
A. True. The manual states this under professional conduct of security personnel.
VERIFIED AGAINST THE SOURCE
“The ability of security personnel to fulfill their duties is dependent upon securing and maintaining public respect and approval, which includes obtaining the public's willingness to cooperate in the task of preventing crime.”
— California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (Powers to Arrest and Appropriate Use of Force Training Manual, July 2023) ↗Know questions we're missing?
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