Prepare for your National Counselor Exam (NCE) with these practice questions and answers. This guide covers counseling theories, ethics, assessment methods, group counseling, and intervention techniques.

Q: ABC model

Answer: Used in REBT. A-situation B-belief C-emotional response

Q: ACA

Answer: American counseling association. Primary representative association in the US. Validates and expands counseling

Q: Adlerian counseling

Answer: Focuses on modifying client belief systems to create a healthier perspective.

Q: Behavioral therapy

Answer: Focuses on helping clients improve their moods through altering the actions.

Q: Acculturation

Answer: When a person adapts their own culture to accommodate elements of a new culture

Q: Affective domain

Answer: Focused on non-cognitive understanding such as emotions, personality, interests…

Q: Affect display actions

Answer: Type of body language. Actions which convey emotions.

Q: Analytical perspective

Answer: Branch of psychodynamic theory developed by Carl Jung. Considers collective unconscious. Q

Q: ADA

Answer: Requires that all public buildings are accessible

Q: CACREP

Answer: Counsel for accreditation of counseling and related education programs.

Q: B F skinner

Answer: Famed for developing the classical conditioning model of learning.

Q: Carl Rogers

Answer: Developed person-centered therapy model. A self directive, humanistic therapy.

Q: Civil rights act

Answer: Prohibits discrimination based on race, color, religion, gender, and nationality

Q: Classical conditioning

Answer: Involves creating a link between neutral stimulus and a desired response. First studied by Pavlov.

Q: Clinical psychology

Answer: The treatment of a mentally ill individual, and the study of other behavioral anomalies and psychiatric problems.

Q: Cognitive therapy

Answer: Asserts that clients can understand their own thought processes, that they have personal meaning and discovering the meanings will lead to personal improvement.

Q: Cognitive domain

Answer: Focused on intellectual, knowledge-oriented testing.

Q: Counseling psychology

Answer: Emphasis in treating otherwise healthy individuals who are struggling with problems of a psychological nature.

Q: Dereflection

Answer: A distraction technique in logotherapy that attempts to draw attention away from the problem.

Q: Developmental career approaches

Answer: Focuses on career development as a process. Ginzberg and super’s theories.

Q: Dorothea Dix

Answer: Improved the treatment of mentally ill individuals.

Q: Dynamic equilibrium

Answer: A state where things are constantly changing but the balance of the system is maintained.

Q: Eclectic therapy

Answer: A combination of multiple approaches in treatment of patients.

Q: Edmund husserl

Answer: Developed phenomenological approach.

Q: Edward tichener

Answer: Worked with wilhelm Wundt to develop structuralism.

Q: Erik erikson

Answer: A psychoanalyst who documented stages of emotional growth of human babies

Q: 4 consultation models

Answer: Mental health, training workshop, behavioral, and process

Q: Gestalt therapy

Answer: Asserts that individuals attempting to change into something they are not causes stagnation

Q: Jean Piaget

Answer: Studied the development of children’s understanding and developed a model of development.

Q: Maslows hierarchy of needs

Answer: Physical, safety, belonging and love, esteem, self-actualization

Q: Multicultural therapy

Answer: Considers the cultural factors relevant to a clients situation

Q: Murray Bowen

Answer: Worked in family therapy. Developed differentiation and emotional fusion.

Q: Operant conditioning

Answer: Involves creating an association between actions and consequences. Studied by skinner.

Q: Qualia

Answer: Abstract term used in phenomenology it describe a persons unique perception.

Q: Psychodynamic therapy

Answer: Identifies and works through maladaptive functions of the subconscious. Actions are controlled by unconscious motivations.

Q: Satirs 4 dysfunctional communicators

Answer: Computer, distractor, placator, blamer

Q: Simon- Binet scale

Answer: First IQ test

Q: Somatic symptoms

Answer: Physical symptoms. Emphasized by cultures less trusting of counseling

Q: Structuralism

Answer: first major school of thought in psychology which attempted to deconstruct reactions to basic motives behind them.

Q: Structured observation

Answer: The observer defines ahead of time the elements and behaviors they wish to observe.

Q: Test validity

Answer: The extent to which a test actually tests the information it’s supposed to

Q: Test reliability

Answer: The extent to which a test is consistent among individuals.

Q: Viktor Frankel

Answer: Developed logotherapy

Q: Virginia Satir

Answer: Family therapy. Studied triadic relationships and dysfunctional communication patterns.