Prepare for the ATI TEAS 7 Anatomy and Physiology section with these practice questions and answers. This guide covers human body systems, organ functions, and essential physiological processes you need to know for nursing school admission.
Q: Which of the following muscle types is described as striated and under involuntary control?A. cardiac muscleB. smooth muscleC. skeletal muscleD. gluteus maximus
Answer: A. cardiac muscleYou don’t have to tell your heart to beat
Q: The corpus callosum is associated with which part of the brain?A. cerebellumB. ponsC. cerebrumD. midbrain
Answer: C. cerebrumThe corpus callosum connects the two cerebral hemispheres
Q: Which of the following describes the volume of air moved into or out of the lungs during a single respiratory cycle?A. tidal volumeB. lung capacityC. vital capacityD. minimal volume
Answer: A. tidal volume
Q: Which of the following is the most superficial layer of the epidermis?A. stratum basaleB. stratum spinosumC. stratum lucidumD. stratum corneum
Answer: D. stratum corneumCome lets go sun bathing
Q: Which of the following tissue types is avascular and contains a basement membrane?A. connectiveB. muscleC. epithelialD. nervous
Answer: C. epithelialEpithelial tissue does not have a blood supply
Q: Which of the following joints is a type of hinge joint?A. finger interphalangeal jointB. shoulder jointC. cranial suturesD. sternoclavicular joint
Answer: A. finger interphalangeal joint
Q: Which of the following is classified as a fibrous joint?A. intervertebral discsB. symphysis pubisC. cranial sutureD. elbow joint
Answer: C. cranial suture
Q: Which of the following substances is a nitrogenous waste excreted by the body?A. ureaB. electrolytesC. carbon dioxideD. water
Answer: a. ureaProteins are made of amino acids that have a nitrogenous base. That nitrogenous base forms ammonia and is converted to urea in the liver
Q: The thoracic cavity lies ____ to the abdominopelvic cavity.A. dorsalB. ventralC. superiorD. inferior
Answer: C. superior
Q: Which hormone is produced by the pancreas?A. cholecystokininB. glucagonC. gastrinD. melatonin
Answer: B. glucagonGlucagon is made by the pancreas in response to low blood glucose
Q: Which of the following processes results in the formation of polar bodies?A. oogenesisB. mitosisC. spermatogenesisD. gonadogenesis
Answer: A. oogenesis
Q: Which of the following receptor types detects pain stimuli?A. nociceptorsB. proprioceptorsC. photoreceptorsD. baroreceptors
Answer: A. nociceptorsNociceptors detect painProprioceptors detect positioning and movementPhotoreceptors detect lightBaroreceptors detect pressure
Q: Which of the following hormones surges right before ovulation to help trigger this event?A. testosteroneB. estrogenC. FSHD. LH
Answer: D. LHLuteinizing Hormon
Q: Which of the following neurons carries a sensory stimulus to the central nervous system?A. interneuronB. motor neuronC. efferent neuronD. afferent neuron
Answer: D. afferent neuronRemember “A” like arriving to CNS
Q: In which of the following structures will filtrate enter after it leaves the distal convoluted tubule?A. glomerulusB. proximal convoluted tubuleC. loop of HenleD. collecting duct
Answer: D. collecting ductThe collecting duct is after the distal convoluted tubule
Q: Which of the following structures found in compact bone forms channels that contains blood vessels and nerves?A. lacunaeB. lamellaeC. osteonD. haversian canal
Answer: D. haversian canalThe osteon is the functional unit of bone and the haversian canal runs in the center of it
Q: Which of the following cells is not a nonspecific phagocytic white blood cell?A. t lymphocytesB. neutrophilsC. macrophagesD. monocytes
Answer: A. t lymphocytes
Q: Which of the following will blood enter after it leaves the pulmonary vein?A. right atriumB. left atriumC. lungsD. tricuspid valve
Answer: B. left atriumpulmonary veins bring blood back to the heart through the left atrium
Q: What type of immunity classification is represented if Jane is exposed to a virus and her immune system begins to make antibodies against the viral antigens?A. naturally acquired active immunityB. naturally acquired passive immunityC. artificially acquired active immunityD. artificially acquired passive immunity
Answer: A. naturally acquired active immunitynatural means not man made, body does it on it’s ownartificial means man made interventionactive means that your body specifically makes the antibodiespassive means someone else makes the antibodies and they get transferred to you
Q: Drew observes an unidentified slide under the microscope. She notes that the cells are multinucleated and show striations. Which type of cell or tissue is she most likely observing?A. neuronsB. skeletal muscleC. osteoblastsD. cardiac muscle
Answer: B. skeletal muscle
Q: Which of the following systems keeps fluid from accumulating is tissue spaces?A. lymphatic systemB. circulatory systemC. urinary systemD. reproductive system
Answer: A. lymphatic system
Q: Which of the following structures contains deoxygenated blood?A. left ventricleB. pulmonary veinC. aortaD. pulmonary artery
Answer: D. pulmonary arteryThe pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Q: If Mary has Type A positive blood, what type of blood can she receive? (Select all that apply)A. O-B. AB-C. A-D. O+E. B+
Answer: A. O-C. A-D. O+
Q: Which of the following substances would not be found in the filtrate?A. glucoseB. red blood cellsC. sodiumD. urea
Answer: B. red blood cells
Q: Which of the following structures controls the movement of chyme from the stomach into the small intestine?A. cardiac sphincterB. lower esophageal sphincterC. ileocecal sphincterD. pylori sphincter
Answer: D. pylori sphincter
Q: Which of the following will occur when the parasympathetic nervous system is activated?A. digestion increasesB. pupils dilateC. bladder relaxationD. heart rate increases
Answer: A. digestion increasesParasympathetic – rest and digest
Q: Which of the following electrolytes is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum during muscle contraction?A. calciumB. sodiumC. potassiumD. chloride
Answer: A. calciumcalcium causes the troponin-tropomyosin complex to shift and cause muscle contractions
Q: Which of the following enzymes found in pancreatic juice functions to digest proteins?A. lactaseB. amylaseC. trypsinD. pepsin
Answer: C. trypsinAmylase – digest cardsPepsin – also digests protein, but in the stomachTrypsin – digests proteins, made in pancreas
Q: A mutation in which of the following proteins would directly impact the muscular system?A. albuminB. hemoglobinC. actinD. fibrinogen
Answer: C. actin
Q: Where are epinephrine and norepinephrine produced?A. hypothalamusB. adrenal cortexC. adrenal medullaD. anterior pituitary
Answer: C. adrenal medullaMEN = stress(medulla, epinephrine, norepinephrine)
Q: Which part of the heart is inflamed in a patient diagnosed with endocarditis?A. muscle layer of heartB. heart valvesC. membrane sac around heartD. serous pericardium
Answer: B. heart valvesEndocarditis is the inflammation of the endocardium which would include the heart valves, pericarditis would affect sac around
Q: Which of the following sheaths of connective tissue surrounds a fascicle in skeletal muscle?A. endomysiumB. perimysiumC. myofibrilD. epimysium
Answer: B. perimysiumEpimysium surrounds the whole muscle and endomysium surrounds the muscle fiber
Q: Which of the following muscles would be found in the leg?A. deltoidB. teres majorC. trapeziusD. vastus lateralis
Answer: D. vastus lateralis
Q: Which of the following hormones is released from alpha cells in the pancreas?A. insulinB. glucagonC. somatostatinD. amylase
Answer: B. glucagonInsulin would be beta cells in the pancreas
Q: Which of the following cell types is part of the adaptive immune system?A. reticulocytesB. goblet cellC. plasma cellD. monocyte
Answer: C. plasma cellMonocytes are innate immune system (nonspecific); plasma cells are b cells that make antibodies so they are adaptive
Q: Which of the following muscles is found in the trunk of the body?A. brachialisB. pectoralis majorC. vastus lateralisD. gastrocnemius
Answer: B. pectoralis major
Q: What is the name of the structure of nerve fibers that connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres?A. hippcampusB. cerebral cortexC. corpus callosumD. transverse fissure
Answer: C. corpus callosum
Q: Which of the following cells controls the blood brains barrier?A. astrocytesB. oligodendrocytesC. schwann cellsD. microglia
Answer: A. astrocytes
Q: Which of the following hormones is secreted by the adrenal cortex?A. antidiuretic hormoneB. aldosteroneC. epinephrineD. glucagon
Answer: B. aldosteroneAldosterone, cortisol & androgens are in the adrenal cortex
Q: Which of the following cell types produces antibodies?A. B cellsB. T cellsC. neutrophilsD. monocytes
Answer: A. B cells