Prepare for Anatomy 1 exams with this study guide and practice questions. This covers anatomical terminology, body regions, organ systems, and structural organization.
Q: Anatomy
Answer: Structure of the body
Q: Physiology
Answer: Function of the organs
Q: Homeostasis
Answer: Stability of an internal environment despite all other variables
Q: Negative feedback mechanism
Answer: Homeostatic control system. SHUTS DOWN the original stimulus
Q: Positive feedback mechanism
Answer: Homeostatic control mechanism that causes the level of a variable to change in the SAME DIRECTION as in an initial change. Ex: Having a baby
Q: Homeostatic imbalance
Answer: a state of disequilibrium
Q: Superior
Answer: Above
Q: Inferior
Answer: Below
Q: Ventral (anterior)
Answer: Front, forward
Q: Dorsal (posterior)
Answer: Back, backward
Q: Medial
Answer: Middle
Q: Lateral
Answer: To the side
Q: Intermediate
Answer: Middle of the middle, three-fourths
Q: Proximal
Answer: Closer to starting point
Q: Distal
Answer: Farther from starting point
Q: Superficial (external)
Answer: Skin
Q: Deep (internal)
Answer: Inside
Q: Cephalic
Answer: Head
Q: Thoracic
Answer: Chest
Q: Abdominal
Answer: Abdomen
Q: Axillary
Answer: Armpit
Q: Brachial
Answer: Thigh, upper leg
Q: Buccal
Answer: Cheek
Q: Carpal
Answer: Wrist
Q: Cervical
Answer: Neck
Q: Digital
Answer: Fingers
Q: Femoral
Answer: Arm
Q: Inguinal
Answer: Groin
Q: Lumbar
Answer: Lower back, surrounding spine
Q: Orbital
Answer: Eyes
Q: Patellar
Answer: Knee cap
Q: Pelvic
Answer: Just above inguinal
Q: Tarsal
Answer: Ankle
Q: Sagittal
Answer: Middle of middle front cut, three-fourth frontal cut.
Q: Median
Answer: middle
Q: Midsagittal
Answer: Middle frontal cut, divides the body into left and right
Q: Frontal
Answer: Cut through side, dividing the body into anterior and posterior
Q: Transverse
Answer: Across waist, dividing the body into superior and inferior
Q: Cranial cavity
Answer: Skull, houses brain
Q: Thoracic cavity
Answer: Chest
Q: Abdomino-pelvic
Answer: Abdomen
Q: Vertebral (spinal)
Answer: spine, houses vertebral column
Q: Dorsal
Answer: Houses central nervous system
Q: Ventral
Answer: Anterior
Q: Level of structural organization
Answer: Chemical, cells, tissues, organs, organ system, organism
Q: Chemical level
Answer: Atoms combine to form molecules, molecules form organelles
Q: Cellular level
Answer: Cells are the basic unit of life, they may vary in size and shape
Q: Tissue
Answer: A group of cells with a common function
Q: Organ Level
Answer: Structures composed of two different tissues working together
Q: Organ systems
Answer: Group of organs working together to complete functions
Q: Organism
Answer: All organs working together to live
Q: X-ray (radiograph)
Answer: image of internal structures, like bones
Q: Computed tomography (CT) or computerized axial tomography (CAT)
Answer: Refined version of an X-ray, X-ray machine rotates around the patient and sends beams through all directions to a specific area of the body
Q: Position emission tomography (PET)
Answer: Observes metabolic functions, mostly used for brain activity
Q: Sonography (ultrasound)
Answer: Hears echoes from sound waves
Q: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Answer: Images of our soft tissues, uses magnets to see hydrogen molecules in body
Q: Characteristics of life
Answer: Maintain physical boundaries (external and internal), Movement (external and molecular), responsiveness, Digestion, Metabolism, Excretion (eliminating waste), Reproduction, Growth and development
Q: Homeostatic control mechanism
Answer: Stimulus, receptor, input, output, and response