Prepare for Anatomy and Physiology 1 with these flashcard questions and answers. This covers cells, tissues, skeletal, muscular, and integumentary systems.
Q: Anatomy
Answer: study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another
Q: Physiology
Answer: study of the function of the body- how the body parts work together
Q: Gross Anatomy
Answer: the study of large body structures visible to the naked eye
Q: Microscopic Anatomy
Answer: anatomy of structures too small to be seen without the aid of a microscope
Q: Cellular Anatomy
Answer: considers the cells of the body
Q: Histology
Answer: Considers the tissues of the body
Q: Developmental Anatomy
Answer: traces the structural changes in individual from conception through old age
Q: Pathological Anatomy
Answer: study of gross and microscopic structural changes in the body caused by disease
Q: Radiographic Anatomy
Answer: the study of internal structures of the body by means of x-ray images
Q: Molecular biology
Answer: the study of the structure of biological molecules that provide the fundamental link between structure and function
Q: Topics of physiology
Answer: Renal physiology, Neurophysiology, Cardiac physiology, other organ system physiology.
Q: Superior
Answer: towards the head end or upper part of structure of the body
Q: Inferior
Answer: Away from the head end or towards the lower part of a structure of the body; below
Q: Anterior
Answer: towards or at the front of the body; in front of
Q: Posterior
Answer: towards or at the back of the body; behind
Q: Medial
Answer: towards or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of
Q: Lateral
Answer: away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of
Q: Intermediate
Answer: between a more medial and a more lateral structure
Q: Proximal
Answer: closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
Q: Distal
Answer: farther from the origin of a body part of the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
Q: Superficial (external)
Answer: towards or at the body surface
Q: Deep (internal)
Answer: away from the body surface; more internal
Q: Levels of Structural Organization
Answer: blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, etc.. heart pumps blood
Q: Circulatory System ( Cardiovascular System)
Answer: keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide the gaseous exchanges occur through the walls o the air sacs of the lungs
Q: Respiratory System
Answer: fast-acting control system of the body; responds to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands.
Q: Nervous Systems
Answer: teeth and tongue
Q: Oral and Digestive Cavity
Answer: part of the respiratory system passageways
Q: Nasal cavity
Answer: eyes
Q: Orbital cavities
Answer: auditory bones
Q: Middle ear cavities
Answer: joint cavities with synovial fluid for joint lubrication
Q: Synovial cavities
Answer: Umbilical, Epigastric, Hypograstic, Iliac (right/left), Lumbar (right/left), Hypochondriac
Q: Abdominopelvic Regions
Answer: Right Upper, Left Upper, Right Lower, Left Lower
Q: The Four Abdominopelvic Quadrants
Answer: eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body, regulates water, electrolyte and acid-base balance of the blood
Q: Urinary System
Answer: breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells; indigestible food are eliminated as feces
Q: Digestive System
Answer: forms the external body covering; protects deeper tissues from injury; synthesizes vitamin D; sight of cutaneous ( pain, pressure, etc) receptors and sweat and oil glands
Q: Integumentary System
Answer: protects and supports body organs; provides a framework the muscles use to cause moment. blood cells are formed within bones; stores minerals
Q: Skeletal System
Answer: allows manipulation of the environment locomotion and facial expression, maintains posture and produces heat
Q: Muscular System
Answer: glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction and nutrient use (metabolism) by body cells
Q: Endocrine System
Answer: picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and return it to blood, disposes of debris in the lymphatic stream, houses white blood cells (lymphocytes) involved in immunity. the immune response mounts to attack against foreign substances within the body
Q: Lymphatic System/Immunity
Answer: maintenance of stable internal conditions; dynamic state of equilibrium
Q: Serous Membranes
Answer: 1. Opposite directional change2. Decrease in orignial stimulus3. Nervous system controls4. Endocrine system controls5. Other system controls
Q: Dorsal and Ventral Body Cavities and their Subdivisions
Answer: 1. Same directional change2. Increase in original stimulus3. Cascade effect4. Cardiovascular system control5. Reproductive system control
Q: Homeostasis
Answer: Body facing forward; Palms facing out; thumbs pointing away from body
Q: Homeostatic Control Mechanism
Answer: Involves both the respiratory and the circulatory systemsFour processes that supply the body with O2 and dispose of CO2- Pulmonary ventilation (breathing): movement of air into and out of the lungs- External respiration: O2 and CO2 exchange between the lungs and the blood- Transport: O2 and CO2 in the blood- Internal respiration: O2 and CO2 exchange between systemic blood vessels and tissues
Q: Negative Feedback Mechanism
Answer: Major organs- Nose, nasal cavity, and paranasal sinuses- Pharynx- Larynx- Trachea- Bronchi and their branches- Lungs and alveoli