Prepare for the ARDMS Abdomen specialty exam with these practice questions and answers. This guide covers liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, and abdominal vascular anatomy.
Q: bulls eye sign
Answer: Ultrasound appearance of gastroesophageal junction?
Q: rugae
Answer: irregular folds in stomach formed by mucosa and submucosal
Q: 5 mm’s
Answer: the undistended wall should not exceed how many mm’s
Q: haustrae
Answer: what are the large sacculations of the colon called?
Q: thickened loops with no change with compression
Answer: slow graded transducer pressure is applied with evaluation of gi tract, what would these findings reveal?
Q: target sign and pseudo kidney sign
Answer: what is the classic appearance of adenocarcinoma?
Q: 6mm
Answer: normal appendix has a target appearance and should not measure more than—————mm in diameter?
Q: adhesions
Answer: what is most common cause of intestinal obstruction?
Q: Increased activity
Answer: Evaluation of motor activity with obstruction will reveal?
Q: Chronic
Answer: Is hashimoto’s thryroiditis an acute or chronic condition?
Q: calcium levels
Answer: the parathyroid glands secrete PTH which is responsible for maintaining what levels?
Q: Papillary
Answer: what is most common type of thyroid cancer?
Q: Increased PTH levels, hypophosphatemia and hypercalcemia
Answer: The lab values with parathyroid adenoma’s will reveal what?
Q: Longus coli muscle
Answer: what is the muscle located posterior to the thyroid and adjacent to the trachea?
Q: External carotid artery
Answer: The superior thyroid artery branches off what artery?
Q: Thyroid enlargement, protruding eyeballs
Answer: Two features of Grave’s disease?
Q: Multinodular Goiter
Answer: What is the most common type of thyroid abnormality?
Q: Innominate artery
Answer: The right common carotid artery arises from which artery?
Q: Adventitia
Answer: What is the outermost layer of the arterial wall called?
Q: Systemic hypertension
Answer: What is most common cause of arterial dissection?
Q: distal to stenosis
Answer: maximum turbulence is usually detected distal or proximal to stenosis?
Q: hyperechoic, hypoechoic, and free floating in vessel
Answer: Characteristics of acute venous thrombosis?
Q: tendon
Answer: Fibrous cord that attaches muscle to bone is what?
Q: Enhancement
Answer: An artifact that occurs when sound strikes a curved or cylindrical structure at less than 90 degrees is referred to as what?
Q: Perimysium
Answer: A group of muscle fibers are bound together by a connective tissue layer called?
Q: Capillaries and nerves
Answer: The endomysium consists of a network of?
Q: Superior to the bladder in the lower abdomen
Answer: The usual location for a urachal cyst is where?
Q: Popliteal Space
Answer: Where would a bakers cyst be located?
Q: Anechoic mass with good through transmission
Answer: What is the most sonographic appearance of an acute hematoma?
Q: Lymphoma
Answer: Multiple lobulated masses located around the porta hepatis, celiac trunk or SMA would most likely represent what?
Q: Fusiform
Answer: What is most common type of abdominal aortic aneurysm?
Q: Saccular
Answer: Type of abdominial aneurysm that has outpouching which is usually the result of trauma or infection is?
Q: Pseudoaneurysm
Answer: The patient has a mass located in the groin region adjacent to the artery, which has mixed echogenicity and visable swirling blood, the most likely diagnosis would be what?
Q: Cancer of the GI tract and ovarian cancer
Answer: The most common source of metastatic disease to the peritoneum and mesentery is from?
Q: Trauma and catheterization
Answer: What is the most common cause of pseudoaneurysm?
Q: Dermoid
Answer: What is the most common benign mesenteric neoplasm?
Q: 50%
Answer: The one year mortality rate for a 6 cm abdominal aortic aneurysm is about?
Q: Exudative ascites
Answer: Peritoneal fluid collection due to an inflammatory or malignant process, which exhibits fine or coarse internal echoes is referred to as?
Q: Fine needle aspiration
Answer: Type of biopsy that uses a capillary action technique is?
Q: Subcostal
Answer: Core biopsy of the liver is best performed from which approach?
Q: Lower pole in prone position
Answer: Renal biopsies are obtained from which pole of the kidney?
Q: Upright
Answer: Thoracentesis is best performed with the patient in what position?
Q: Matching layer
Answer: The material located in front of the transducer that helps to improve sound transmission by reducing ultrasound reflection at the surface is called what?
Q: Decrease pulse duration, decrease SPL, improve axial resolution
Answer: Purpose of Damping material?
Q: one quarter of a wavelength
Answer: The optimal matching layer thickness is?
Q: bandwidth
Answer: Range of frequencies present in a pulse is called?
Q: mechanical
Answer: What is the type of transducer that has single or multiple moving elements is called?
Q: Linear switched and linear sequenced array
Answer: Another name for a linear array transducer is?
Q: Linear arrays
Answer: Transducers that have multiple elements that are pulsed with slight time delays are called?
Q: Annular array
Answer: Type of transducer that has concentric elements is?
Q: Sliced thickness
Answer: An artifact that appears as echoes filling a fluid filled structure or vessel is?
Q: Clean shadows
Answer: Shadowing produced from calcific structures are referred to as?
Q: Side lobe occur with single element transducers and grating lobes occur with multiple element transducers.
Answer: What is the key difference between side lobe artifacts and grating lobe artifacts?
Q: 9-12 cm
Answer: What does the normal adult kidney measure?
Q: True capsule
Answer: What is the fibrous capsule surrounding the kidney referred to as?
Q: Columns of Bertin
Answer: The cortical tissue extending into the space between adjacent pyramids appearing as a hypoechoic mass area is?
Q: Cortex
Answer: What is outer portion of kidney referred to as?
Q: Nephron
Answer: Structural and functional unit of kidney?
Q: 5 mm or less
Answer: The renal cortex is considered abnormal if measures what mm?
Q: Dromedary Hump
Answer: Normal renal anatomical variant which has a bulging appearance to the contour of the kidney is referred to as a?
Q: Angiomyolipoma or renal hematoma
Answer: A renal mass composed of fat, blood vessels and smooth muscle tissue is called?
Q: Renal Cell Carcinoma
Answer: Mr M is a 60 y/o man at the u/s dept with hematuria, pain and palpable mass, the u/s reveals a primarily solid renal mass with areas of cystic degeneration. Scattered calcifications were also present, what would the most likely diagnosis be?
Q: Nephroblastoma
Answer: What is a Wilm’s tumor also know as?
Q: Increased
Answer: End stage renal disease wil reveal ____________ echogenicity of the renal cortex
Q: High resistance characteristics
Answer: Doppler evaluation of a pt with renal parenchymal disease will reveal what?
Q: Ureter and bladder
Answer: What is the most common site of obstruction by kidney stones?
Q: Iliac fossa
Answer: What is the normal location of the renal transplant?
Q: hydronephrosis, fluid collections around kidney, abnormal renal size and ATN
Answer: Sonographic signs of renal transplant rejection would include?
Q: Lymphocele
Answer: Mr B was referred to the U/S dept several mths after and renal transplant and the U/S exam revealed a lg fluid collection with internal echoes arising medial to the lower pole of the kidney, what is the most likely diagnosis?
Q: 200cm/sec
Answer: A significant renal artery stenosis would be considered in a renal transplant pt when the peak systolic velocity exceeds?
Q: Supernumery kidney
Answer: A completed duplication of the kidney and ureter is referred to as?
Q: Horseshoe Kidney
Answer: Fusion of the upper or lower poles of the kidney during fetal development is called?
Q: Ligamentum Venosum and left portal vein
Answer: The dividing landmarks for the left lobe and caudate lobe are the ??
Q: PHA, MPV, and CBD
Answer: What structures are located within the Portal Triad?
Q: Cystic and Common Hepatic ducts
Answer: The CBD is formed by the confluence what two ducts?
Q: Right Hepatic vein
Answer: The right lobe of the liver is divided into anterior and posterior segments by the ?
Q: AST, ALT, and Alkaline phosphatase
Answer: What lab values will increase with Hepatocellular adn obstructive diseases?
Q: Caput Madusal Sign
Answer: Distended collateral veins visualized on the abdominal wall have been referred to as the what?
Q: Schistosomiasis
Answer: A condition where the worm punctures the skin and migrates into the general circulation via the lymphatics or venous system is??
Q: cavernmatous Transformation
Answer: Portal vein occlusion that occurs in infancy or the neonatal period will demonstrate a collection of collateral vessels in the region of the porta hepatis, this is referred to as?
Q: Thick walled cysts, hepatomegaly, calcification of cyst walls and possible thrombosis and infarction of blood vessels
Answer: Sonographic characteristics seen with hydatid disease?
Q: Liver cell adenoma
Answer: Solitary hypoechoic to hyperechoic benign liver mass frequently seen in women taking oral contraceptives is referred to as?
Q: Hepatic artery thrombosis, and PV thrombosis
Answer: Most common post-op liver transplant complications?
Q: Liver metastasis
Answer: Multiple target lesions found withing the liver would most likely represent?
Q: Hepatoma
Answer: A positive fetal antigen is found in over 50% of patients who have?
Q: Varicocle
Answer: Enlargement of veins of the spermatic cord commonly found on the left side in males less than 25 y/o is what?
Q: Tunica albuginea
Answer: The dense fibrous capsule surrounding the testicles is referred to as the ?
Q: Hydrocele
Answer: Abnormal accumulation of serous fluid between the layers of the tunica vaginales which results in painless scrotal swelling is referred to as?
Q: Epididiymitis
Answer: The most frequent cause of an acute scrotum in the post puberty male is?
Q: Enlarged testicle, Normal testicle echogenicity, decrease flow in testicle and epididymis.
Answer: U/S findings of testicular torsion 4 to 6 hours after torsion occurs will reveal?
Q: Vas Deferens
Answer: What structure carries the sperm from each testis to the prostatic urethra?
Q: Less than 3 mm
Answer: What is the average size of testicular microlithiasis?
Q: Diferential
Answer: What artery provides the primary blood supply to the epididymis?
Q: Main lobar fissure and right portal vein
Answer: The two anatomical landmarks for the GB location are?
Q: 3 mm
Answer: The normal distended GB should not exceed?
Q: Phrygian cap
Answer: A fold in the GB toward the fundus is referred to as?
Q: Spiral valves of heister
Answer: A shadowing effect may be seen arising from the cystic duct region, what is the sources of the shadow?
Q: The cystic duct and common hepatic duct
Answer: Common bile duct is formed by the confluence of?
Q: >3mm
Answer: Gallstones will produce a shadow when what size?
Q: Inspissated bile
Answer: Sludge is also known as?
Q: Hydrops
Answer: Male pt presents with epigastric pain, nausea and vomiting, the u/s exam reveals a markedly dilated GB with thin walls, the most likely diagnosis would be?
Q: Acalculous Cholecystitis
Answer: Pt presents with RUQ pain, nausea, and vomiting, positive murphys sign, enlarged thick walled GB containing echoes that did not layer or shadow, Pericholecystic fluid was also demonstrated, most likely diagnosis would be?
Q: Adenomyomatosis
Answer: Small echogenic mass like areas with internal cysts are seen in the fundus of the GB that produces a comet tail artifact, what is this?
Q: Cholangitis
Answer: Definition of stones in ducts?
Q: Confluence or right and left hepatic ducts
Answer: A klatskins tumor occurs in the?
Q: Choledochal Cyst
Answer: Anomalous insertion of the CBD into the pancreatic duct allowing reflux of pancreatic juice into the bile duct leading to dilatation and cholangitis is referred to as?
Q: 4mm
Answer: Normal average size of the common hepatic duct of a pt under the age of 40 would be?
Q: true
Answer: stones impacted in the gb neck will not move with changing patient positions, true or false?
Q: Perirenal Compartment
Answer: The kidneys and adrenal glands are located in which compartment?
Q: SMA
Answer: Enlarged lymph nodes in the para-aortic region may cause displacement of the?
Q: Sandwich sign
Answer: When lymphoma involves the mesentery, there may be a layered appearance, this is called?
Q: rounded appearance, hypoechoic mass, anechoic mass
Answer: Usual appearance of enlarged lymph nodes?
Q: Phenochromocytoma
Answer: Large solid mass with well defined borders arising from the adrenal region, there are also areas of cystic degeneration, no other abnormalities in the abdomen found, most likely diagnosis would be?
Q: Neuroblastoma
Answer: A heterogenous childhood adrenal tumor which frequently invades surrounding structures and presents with weight loss, malaise, abdominal protrusion and fever describes?
Q: Retroperitoneal fibrosis
Answer: A pt presents with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and hypertension, the u/s exam reveals a bulky midline mass, most likely the diagnosis is?
Q: Peritoneal or intraperitoneal
Answer: Location of spleen?
Q: Hilum
Answer: Accessory spleens are usually detected near the?
Q: Hemangioma
Answer: Most common primary neoplasm of the spleen?
Q: Solid focal lesions, calcifications, bright echogenic lesions.
Answer: U/S characteristics of Histoplasmosis and tuberculosis?
Q: Superior mesenteric vein and inferior mesenteric vein
Answer: Splenic vein exits hilum of spleen and merges with the ________ and ____________ to form the portal vein.
Q: Left Hemidiaphragm
Answer: What is at the superior border of the spleen?
Q: Subcapsular hematoma
Answer: Post MV accident with LLQ pain, crescent shaped fluid collection that conforms to the spleen is identified, what is this?
Q: peripheral zone
Answer: 70 % of prostatic tissue is located in which zone?
Q: 40
Answer: In older men prostate considered enlarged if weighs more than how many grams?
Q: BPH
Answer: A prostate exam reveals an enlarged hypoechoic inner zone and calcifications in the transition zone, this is suggestive of?
Q: Anterior
Answer: The common hepatic artery courses________________to the portal vein.
Q: Anterolateral
Answer: The gastroduodenal artery is located in the_________________ aspect of the head of pancreas
Q: Splenic, left gastric and common hepatic
Answer: Which 3 arteries arise from the celiac trunk?
Q: Posterior
Answer: The right renal artery usually courses__________ to the IVC
Q: below
Answer: The renal arteries arise _________________ the SMA
Q: SMA
Answer: Artery that supplies blood to the small bowel, portions of the large intestine and pancreatic head is?
Q: Segmental
Answer: After entering the hilum, the main renal artery divides into the ?
Q: 15-20%
Answer: What percent of people have duplicated renal arteries?
Q: 2.5
Answer: The IVC is considered dilated when its dimensions exceeds how many cm’s?
Q: Low resistance
Answer: Normal renal artery will demonstrate what type of resistance?
Q: Splenic Vein
Answer: The inferior mesenteric vein drains into the ?
Q: AV fistula
Answer: Pt presents with a palpable thrill post op, doppler evaluation reveals an abnormal turbulent waveform with a mixture of arterial and venous flow signals, most likely represents?
Q: Bud Chiari Syndrome
Answer: Pt presents with ascites, hepatomegaly, serpigenous collaterals lead to IVC and absent hepatic vein flow, findings are suggestive of?
Q: Intussucseption
Answer: A condition where one part of the intestine slips into another part just below it represents what?
Q: 6 mm
Answer: Normal appendix has a target appearance and should not measure more than_________mm in diameter.
Q: Abnormal LFT’S, increased total billirubin and alkaline phosphatase.
Answer: Lab values associated with Metastatic Lesions?
Q: Abnormal LFT”S and increased AFP
Answer: Hepatoblastoma, usually found during infancy or childhood, lab values?
Q: Increased AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, 70% of the time AFP will be present
Answer: Lab values with malignant tumors? HCC?
Q: Normal AFP, excludes mass being malignant
Answer: Lab Values with Infantile Hemangioendothelium?
Q: Normal
Answer: With liver cell adenomas? How are LFTS/ Normal or abnormal?
Q: Normal LFT’s
Answer: FNH lab values? LFT’S?
Q: Normal
Answer: Benign solid tumors? LFT’s normal or abnormal?
Q: decreased hematocrit, leukocytosis
Answer: Hematoma lab values?
Q: Varied depending on cause
Answer: Fungal infection lab values?
Q: Leukocytosis, increased LFT’s and anemia
Answer: Infection abscess (Pyogenic) Lab Values?
Q: Jaundice and increased alkaline phosphatase if cysts cause billiary obstruction
Answer: Acquired Cysts Echinococcal cysts( Hydatid cause by a parasite) Lab Values?
Q: Normal
Answer: How are LFT’s with Polycystic disease?
Q: Normal
Answer: Cysts-congenital, how are LFT’S?
Q: Decreased glucose-6 phosphatase
Answer: Glycogen Storage Disease, Von Gierkes disease most common type, Lab Values?
Q: Normal or slightly abnormal LFT”S
Answer: Chronic Hepatitis Congestion-Lab Values?
Q: LFT’S depend upon stage, increased ALT-AST-Alkaline Phosphatase-serum and urine conjugated billirubin values.
Answer: With Cirrhosis, how are lab values effected and which ones?
Q: Increase in billirubin, ALT, AST, and alkaline phosphatase
Answer: With Chronic Viral Hepatitis, what lab values increase?
Q: Increased billirubin, ALT higher levels than AST, alkaline Phosphatase
Answer: With acute viral hepatitis, what lab values effected?
Q: Increased LFTS due to hepatocellular disease
Answer: Lab values with Fatty liver?
Q: Serum amylase twice the normal values
Answer: Lab values with acute pancreatitis?
Q: lymphocele
Answer: With a two week old renal transplant there are fluid collections with septations and internal debris adjacent to kidney, what is this?
Q: interlobar
Answer: what intrarenal arteries course alongside renal pyramids
Q: arcuate
Answer: what arteries course on top of the renal pyramids and give rise to the tiny interlobar arteries?
Q: anterior
Answer: right renal vein lies____________ to the renal artery
Q: posterior
Answer: left renal artery normally located ____________ to left renal vein
Q: external iliac artery
Answer: where is the renal artery anastomosed to in renal transplant?
Q: iliac fossa
Answer: where do you look for pancreas after transplant of?
Q: phlegmon
Answer: what is a nonencapsulated collection of necrotic and edematous peripancreatic tissue called?
Q: obstruction of pancreatic duct by biliary calculi
Answer: most common cause of acute pancreatitis?
Q: SMV
Answer: which vessel courses anterior to the ucinate process?
Q: anechoic acoustic enhancement, sharply defined smooth wall, round or ovoid shape
Answer: sonographic criteria for a simple cyst in kidney?
Q: superior mesenteric and splenic
Answer: what vessels form the portal vein?
Q: celiac trunk
Answer: Vessel to study with median arcuate syndrome?
Q: right atrium
Answer: where does ivc empty into?
Q: postprandial abd pain and weight loss
Answer: symptoms of chronic mesenteric ischemia
Q: PV and hepatic vein
Answer: with a tips shunt, it connects what two vessels?
Q: posterior to ivc
Answer: location of rt renal artery?
Q: splenic
Answer: smv joins which vein?
Q: orchitis
Answer: lg complex hydrocele commonly associated with?
Q: testicular
Answer: capsular artery of teste is a branch of what artery?
Q: abdominal aorta
Answer: testicular artery is a branch of?
Q: peripheral
Answer: which zone of prostate involved with cancer?
Q: peripheral zone
Answer: with transrectal prostate exam, the most lateral images of the gland show what tissue?
Q: ejaculatory duct cyst
Answer: what cyst of the prostate is associated with infertility?
Q: splenic vein
Answer: what structure will you detect at splenic hilum?
Q: inferomedial
Answer: relationship of pancreatic tail to spleen?
Q: intraperitoneal
Answer: location of spleen?
Q: portal vein
Answer: what does splenic vein drain into?
Q: abd aorta
Answer: what structure do we image to identify retroperitoneal fibrosis?
Q: adrenal glands
Answer: what retroperitoneal structure is a common site for metastasis from lungs?
Q: lateral to aorta and diaphragmitic crus
Answer: location of adrenal gland?
Q: post to ivc and right renal artery
Answer: location of right diaphragmatic crus?
Q: 1cm
Answer: lymph nodes > than _____ considered to be abnormal
Q: anterior perirenal space
Answer: what retroperitoneal compartment is frequently involved with pseudocyst?
Q: anterior para renal space
Answer: what retroperitoneal compartment contains the aorta?
Q: 5
Answer: how many layers are seen with good imaging of the gut?
Q: adenocarcinoma
Answer: most common malignant tumor of the gi tract?
Q: cecum
Answer: orfice of appendix opens up into the ?
Q: increased conjugated billirubin, alkaline phosphatase, amylase and lipase and GGT
Answer: lab values for pancreatic carcinoma?
Q: increased ALT,AST and conjugated and unconjugated billirubin.
Answer: lab values with jaundice?
Q: BHCG
Answer: what lab is elevated with seminoma?
Q: AST (SGOT)
Answer: with viral hepatitis highest level of what?
Q: HCG
Answer: with choriocarcinoma have high levels of what?
Q: hepatocellular and obstructive disease
Answer: AST increases with what disease> (SGOT)?
Q: increase AST(SGOT) ALT (SGPT) and billirubin
Answer: lab values with hep a, b, or c?
Q: AST, ALT and billirubin
Answer: with cirrhosis what lab values increase?
Q: schistosomiasis
Answer: when you see echogenic bands while scanning along intrahepatic pv, what is this?
Q: Increased billirubin and alkaline phosphatase
Answer: lab values increase with metastasis?
Q: fetal antigen
Answer: what is present with 50% of pts with hematomas?
Q: intrahepatic ducts
Answer: which ducts are associated with Caroli disease?
Q: ucinate process
Answer: portion of pancreas that lies posterior to the sma and vein is the ?
Q: retroperitoneum
Answer: location of pancreas?
Q: anterior and superior to the pancreas
Answer: location of lesser sac?
Q: indirect billirubin
Answer: hemolytic disorders may result in increase of what?
Q: adrenal hemmorrhage
Answer: what is the most common neonatal adrenal mass?
Q: neuroblastoma
Answer: what is most common childhood adrenal mass?
Q: lung
Answer: what is the most common primary carcinoma associated with adrenal metastasis?
Q: crus of diaphragm
Answer: what structure lies directly medial to both adrenal glands?
Q: perirenal space
Answer: adrenal glands lie within the ___________
Q: anterior pararenal space
Answer: ivc and aorta are located in which retroperitoneum space?
Q: posterior parietal peritoneum and posterior abd wall muscles.
Answer: definition of retroperitoneal space?
Q: hydronephrosis
Answer: most common secondary finding with retroperitoneal fibrosis?
Q: left renal vein
Answer: which vessel is imaged between the SMA and aorta?
Q: left gonadal vein
Answer: which vessel does not drain directly into IVC?
Q: Superior vena cava
Answer: the azygos vein connects the proximal abd ivc to the?
Q: adenoma’s
Answer: the halo sign is defined as a sonolucent rim surrounding a thyroid mass, commonly seen in?
Q: anterior to trachea
Answer: location of thyroglossal duct cysts?
Q: lymphoma
Answer: the most common primary source of testicular metastasis is?
Q: intussusception
Answer: a 4 month old presents with abd pain, rectal bleeding,and palpable abd mass, what is most likely the pathology>
Q: alanine amniotransferase
Answer: SGPT is same lab value as?
Q: hepatic metastasis
Answer: what is most likely the diagnosis in a pt with elevation of CEA, alkaline phosphatase and GGT?
Q: posterior superior
Answer: seminal vesicles are located on which surface of the prostate?
Q: hepatitis
Answer: what is most likely the diagnosis with a pt with elevated AST and ALT?
Q: Gastric Hypersecretion and peptic ulcer disease
Answer: Islet cell tumors are related to what two diseases?
Q: hyperlipidemia and hypercalcemia
Answer: Predisposing factors to chronic pancreatitis?
Q: fluid filled stomach, dilated pancreatic duct or tortuous dilated left portal vein.
Answer: What can mimic and pacreatic psuedocyst/
Q: spreading diffuse inflammatory edema of subcutaneous connective tissue that can lead to necrosis
Answer: what is phlegmonous pancreatitis?
Q: increased serum amylase lipase, decreased hematocrit and serum calcium levels also seen.
Answer: what are the lab values for hemmorhagic pancreatitis?
Q: acute adult respiratory distress syndrome and acute tubular necrosis
Answer: what two things will often be associated with pancreatitis?
Q: insulin glucagon and gastrin and do not forget it
Answer: what are the endocrine secretions of the pancreas?
Q: less than two millimeters
Answer: what is the normal pancreatic duct measurement?
Q: anterior to portal vein and to the left of the bile duct
Answer: proper hepatic artery courses__________ to portal vein and to the _____of bile duct
Q: anterior
Answer: splenic artery is in what relation to the splenic vein?
Q: posterior border
Answer: splenic vein is at the_________ border of tail of pancreas
Q: portal vein
Answer: superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein join to form what vein?
Q: anterior to
Answer: antrum of the stomach lies where to the neck and body region of pancreas?
Q: 9-15 centimeters
Answer: what are the normal liver measurements?
Q: 3 by 2 by 2 centimeters
Answer: what are the normal teste measurements?
Q: 2 to 8 millimeters
Answer: what is normal scrotal wall thickness?
Q: 7 to 10 centimeters in length
Answer: what is normal length of the gallbladder?
Q: 2.5 to 4.0 centimeters
Answer: what is normal diameter of the gallbladder?
Q: 12.5 to 15 centimeters in length, head is 2 to 3.5 centimeters and body and tail is 2 to 3 centimeters.
Answer: what are the normal measurements of the pancreas?
Q: amylase and lipase
Answer: what lab values are elevated with pancreatic disease?
Q: right middle and left hepatic arterys
Answer: after the proper hepatic artery enters the liver at the porta hepatis, it then divides into what?
Q: anterior to portal vein and posterior to bile duct
Answer: right hepatic artery is generally seen lying anterior and posterior to what?
Q: chronic cholecystitis
Answer: milk of calcium bile is associated with what?
Q: ulcerative colitis
Answer: what is portal vein gas associated with?
Q: necrotizing entercolitis
Answer: in infants what is portal vein gas due to?
Q: pathology in distant common bile duct
Answer: what is biliary obstruction due to?
Q: gallstones and carcinoma of head of pancreas
Answer: two most common lesions associated with biliary obstruction?
Q: anterior surface of psoas muscles
Answer: location of ureters?
Q: the splenic vein
Answer: what does the inferior mesenteric vein drain into?
Q: renal corpuscle
Answer: what do we call the glomerulus and bowmans capsule together?
Q: calculi, benign prostatic hypertrophy, prostate cancer, pelvic malignancies, pregnancy, and uteropelvic junction obstructions.
Answer: what are some of the causes of hydronephrosis?
Q: on the right
Answer: where are the azygos veins located?
Q: on the left
Answer: where are the hemiazygos veins located?
Q: dense fibrous tissue proliferation confined to paravertebral region, Also known as inflammatory aneurysm or ormonds disease.
Answer: what is retroperitoneal fibrosis?
Q: aorta to renal artery to segmental artery to interlobar arteries to arcuate arteries to interlobar arteriole to afferent arteriole
Answer: what are the branches of the renal artery?
Q: on the top of the pyramids
Answer: what is the location of the arcuate arteries?
Q: between the pyramids and then curves around the top of the pyramids.
Answer: what is the location of the interlobar arteries?
Q: the interlobar arteries course through the cortex
Answer: what do the interlobar arteries course through?
Q: it is a tube connecting the renal pelvis to the calyx steven and don’t forget this for the test
Answer: what is the infundibulum or major calyx?
Q: bilateral renal agenisis
Answer: hello steven, what is classic potters syndrome?
Q: right upper quadrant mass with painless jaundice indicates there is cancer in the head of the pancreas causing biliary obstruction, the palpable mass is due to an enlarged gallbladder buddy.
Answer: what is courvoisiers sign and what is it associated with?
Q: the splenic vein and superior and inferior mesenteric veins my friend.
Answer: okay, what will the portal of confluence give you?
Q: klatskins tumor
Answer: what is a malignant tumor of the common hepatic duct biff called?
Q: right hepatic duct and left hepatic duct will be dilated and don’t forget this for the test buddy.
Answer: when you have a malignant tumor at the biff of hepatic duct biff. klatskins tumor, what will be dilated?
Q: bifurcates into the proper hepatic artery and the gastroduodenal artery
Answer: as the common hepatic artery courses toward the liver, what does it bifurcate into?
Q: common hepatic artery and splenic artery which is the seagull sign.
Answer: the celic axis terminates with the bifurcation of what?
Q: branches of celiac axis are the common hepatic, left gastric and splenic artery.
Answer: what are the branches of the celiac axis?
Q: celiac axis and it is located superior to the pancreas
Answer: what is the first branch of the aorta and its location?
Q: between the ivc and azygos vein posterior
Answer: what is the location of the right crus?
Q: large gallbladder filled with mucous in the wall and measures more than five centimeters and is caused by chronic obstruction of neck or cystic duct of gallbladder by stones or a tumor.
Answer: what is hydrops of the gallbladder?
Q: vitelline vein
Answer: where did the portal vein come from?
Q: abscess due to poorly defined border is the key, if it was a cyst, it would have well defined borders
Answer: patient with a high fever and right upper quadrant pain has a large hemogenous mass with low level echoes and poorly defined borders in right lobe with increased through transmission, what is it?
Q: aortic arch
Answer: on the left side the common carotid artery originates from where?
Q: phlegmon
Answer: what is a nonencapsulated collection of necrotic and edematous peripancreatic tissue termed?
Q: it will have a normal appearance
Answer: most common ultrasound appearance of acute pylonephritis?
Q: hepatitis, increased alt, ast, and conjugated and unconjugated billirubin.
Answer: what is a nonobstructive hepatocellular cause of jaundice and what lab values will be elevated?
Q: vesicouterine
Answer: what is the space between the bladder and uterus called?
Q: comes from right hepatic artery, is on ardms test for sure so don’t forget it!
Answer: the cystic artery supplies blood to the gallbladder and comes from where?
Q: hepatoma, secondary is metastasis.
Answer: what is the most common primary tumor of the liver?
Q: splenic and common hepatic artery and don’t forget as on the test
Answer: what is the seagull wing made up of?
Q: stomach, left kidney, pancreas and splenic flexure of the colon.
Answer: what is located on the visceral surface of the spleen?
Q: splenic, left gastric and common hepatic
Answer: what are the branches of the celiac trunk?
Q: superior mesenteric artery
Answer: what artery is above the renal arteries?
Q: medial and anterior
Answer: fundus of the stomach and lesser sac are in what relation to the spleenic hilum?
Q: histoplasmosis and tb
Answer: what are the most common causes of granulomas?
Q: in the liver and lungs
Answer: where can granulomas be found?
Q: hydatid cysts, epidermoid cysts, autosomal dominant polycystic disease, hematomas and pancreatic pseudocysts.
Answer: what are some examples of cystic lesions found on the spleen?
Q: true cysts lined by the squamous epithelium
Answer: what are epidermoid cysts?
Q: erode into spleen, may weaken vessels causing pseudoaneurysms and bleeding into pseudocysts
Answer: pancreatic pseudocysts can do what?
Q: general abdominal sepsis
Answer: spleenic infection is associated with what?
Q: anterior and medially
Answer: when the spleen enlarges it extends in what direction?
Q: a calcified circle in the left upper quadrant
Answer: what is a splenic artery aneurysm seen as?
Q: polysplenia and asplenia
Answer: what are two classifications of heterotaxia?
Q: symptoms of congestive heart failure or jaundice due to biliary tract abnormalities
Answer: presentation of heterotaxia in a neonatal patient?
Q: lesser sac, between the liver, pancreas and stomach. and greater sac the rest of peritoneum cavity, when imaging floating bowel, this is greater sac.
Answer: what are the two separate compartments of the peritoneal cavity and their locations?
Q: epiploic foramen
Answer: what is the entrance to the lesser sac called?
Q: stomach, liver, spleen, first part of duodenum, kidneys, appendix, cecum, sigmoid colon uterus, ovaries and fallopian tubes, aorta,
Answer: What are the retroperitoneal structures? Hint, Neumonic.. (Some live splendid during kings and castles singing under open flowers always)
Q: anterior pararenal space, perirenal space and posterior pararenal space.
Answer: two layers of renal fascia divides the retroperitoneum into what three compartments?
Q: central, transitional and peripheral
Answer: what are the three zones of the prostate?
Q: corpora amylacea
Answer: what are the calcifications in the inner gland of the prostate called?
Q: verumontanum
Answer: what are small elevations of urethral crest in which orfices of ejaculatory ducts are located on either side?
Q: pass through the central zone and not the twilight zone like I feel like where I am at studying this stuff. and empty into the urethra
Answer: ejaculatory ducts pass through what zone of the prostate and empty into what?
Q: Adenomyomatosis, just remember A for Aschoff buddy.
Answer: Rokitansky Aschoff sinuses are associated with what conditon?
Q: superior mesenteric vein
Answer: during isonation of the pancreas,you routinely image a vessel coursing anterior to the ucinate process,what is this vessel?
Q: the left renal vein can be seen coursing transversely
Answer: what structure can be seen coursiing transversely at the level of the upper pancreatic head?
Q: junction of the cystic duct and common hepatic duct
Answer: what forms the common bile duct?
Q: avascular mass with low level echoes
Answer: what is the appearance of tumefactive sludge within the gallbladder?
Q: caput medusae
Answer: paraumbilical vein drains into a network of varices that can be seen on the abdomen radiating from the umbilicus, these varices are known as what?
Q: greater than three point five
Answer: renal aortic stenosis ratios greater than what is detection of stenosis?
Q: superior mesenteric and splenic veins
Answer: what is the portal vein formed by, junction of what two veins?
Q: posterior to the body of the pancreas
Answer: what is the location of the superior mesentric artery?
Q: at the aortic bifurcation
Answer: generally retroperitoneal fibrosis is centered where?
Q: in perirenal space, located superior, anterior and medial aspect of the kidney
Answer: what is the location of the adrenal glands?
Q: hypoechoic midline mass
Answer: sonographic appearance of retroperitoneal fibrosis?
Q: bilateral ureteral obstruction
Answer: what is retroperitoneal fibrosis associated with?
Q: medial and posterior
Answer: what is location of crus of diaphragm in relation to the right adrenal gland?
Q: anterior to the aorta, superior to the celiac axis and posterior to the ivc
Answer: crus of diaphragm is located what to the aorta, what to the celiac axis and what to the ivc?
Q: kidneys, adrenal glands and proximal ureter
Answer: perirenal space is separated by two fascia layers and contains?
Q: splenic vein and the tail of the pancreas
Answer: the left pararenal space includes the ———vein and ?
Q: ivc, pancreas and segments of the duodenum.
Answer: what is located within the right pararenal space?
Q: lymph nodes, fat, vessels of abdomen and pelvis, ureters and segments of colon
Answer: anterior renal space extends into the pelvis and contains?
Q: Renal artery
Answer: Crus of diaphragm is seen as a hypoechoic tubular structure posterior to what?
Q: perirenal space, posterior pararenal space and anterior pararenal space.
Answer: What are the three segments of the retroperitoneum, ppa as a clue.
Q: hodgkins and non hodgkins
Answer: most common sources of lymphadenopathy?
Q: SMA and celic vessels
Answer: Enlargement of the lymph nodes in the para aortic region may cause displacement of ??
Q: appears as bulky midline mass and pt presents with abdominal pain, back pain, nausea and vomiting, also hypertension and weight loss.
Answer: Retroperitoneal fibrosis appears as and patient presents with what?
Q: splenic artery divides into the common hepatic artery, splenic artery and left gastric artery.
Answer: celiac artery divides into the common hepatic artery and the?
Q: left hemidiaphragm
Answer: at the superior border of the spleen is what?
Q: posterior superior surface of liver
Answer: location of caudate lobe?
Q: renal sinus, pancreas, liver, renal parenchyma
Answer: decreasing order of echogenicity?
Q: fold at the gallbladder fundus
Answer: a phyrgian cap is a?
Q: dilated intrahepatic ducts
Answer: what is associated with Caroli disease?
Q: posterior surface of the pancreatic body and tail
Answer: throughout its course, the splenic vein is located on the?
Q: ucinate process
Answer: the portion of the pancreas that lies posterior to the superior mesenteric artery and vein is?
Q: retroperitoneum
Answer: location of pancreas?
Q: second portion of the duodenum
Answer: common bile duct is joined with the pancreatic duct before entering what?
Q: the lesser sac is located anterior and superior to the pancreas
Answer: what is the location of the lesser sac?
Q: left renal vein thrombosis
Answer: what will displace the superior mesenteric artery anteriorly?
Q: splenic vein, portal vein, right portal vein, emissary veins, ivc, and the right atrium.
Answer: what is the correct path of a red blood cell returning to the heart? ( Send Past Right emissary in Rio for a hint)
Q: sickle cell anemia
Answer: what disease would result in splenic atrophy ( autosplenectomy)
Q: portal hypertension
Answer: what is most common cause of splenomegaly?
Q: multicystic dysplastic kidney
Answer: what is the most commonly reported cause of palpable abdominal mass in the newborn?
Q: upper pole hydronephrosis
Answer: what is a complication of uretocele?
Q: the liver.
Answer: what organ is most likely to be affected in polycystic kidney disease?
Q: infantile polycystic kidneys
Answer: bilateral echogenic kidneys in newborns most likely represent?
Q: acute tubular necrosis
Answer: most common cause of acute renal failure?
Q: protein, creatinine, and bun
Answer: What are the lab values associated with renal failure?
Q: acid phosphatase
Answer: what lab value is associated with prostate cancer?
Q: ALT ( alanine amniotransferase)
Answer: what lab value is the most sensitive indicator of hepatocellular disease?
Q: increase in direct billirubin and slight increase in indirect billirubin.
Answer: choledocholithiasis may result in an increase in what?
Q: a predominant increase in direct billirubin
Answer: hemolytic disorders may result in an increase in what?
Q: Pheochromocytoma
Answer: A patient presents with hypertension, urinary epinephrine and norepinephrine and an adrenal mass, what is the adrenal mass?
Q: Adrenal Hemmorrhage
Answer: what is the most common neonatal adrenal mass?
Q: neuroblastoma
Answer: what is the most common childhood adrenal mass?
Q: The Lung
Answer: what is the most common primary carcinoma associated with adrenal metastasis?
Q: In the perirenal space
Answer: where do the adrenal glands lie?
Q: Chronic adrenal hypofunction
Answer: Addison’s disease is a syndrome that results from?
Q: Crus of the diaphragm
Answer: what structure lies directly medial to both adrenal glands?
Q: Cushings syndrome
Answer: what syndrome is associated with adrenal mass?
Q: Anterior pararenal space
Answer: The IVC and Aorta are located in which retroperitoneal space?
Q: No
Answer: Is the spleen retroperitoneal?
Q: Posterior parietal peritoneum and posterior abdominal wall muscles.
Answer: Define the retroperitoneal space
Q: Malignant
Answer: Primary retroperitoneal tumors are generally benign or malignant?
Q: hydronephrosis
Answer: If retroperitoneal fibrosis is suspected, what is the most common secondary finding?
Q: splenic vein
Answer: what does the inferior mesenteric vein drain into?
Q: Left renal vein
Answer: which vessel is imaged between the SMA and Aorta?
Q: Left gonadal veing
Answer: which vessel doesn’t drain directly into the IVC?
Q: proximal abdominal IVC to the superior vena cava
Answer: what does the azygos vein connect?
Q: Adenomas
Answer: The halo sign is defined as a sonolucent rim surrounding a thyroid mass, is is commonly seen in what?
Q: hypercalcemia
Answer: what may parathyroid adenoma’s be associated with?
Q: papillary cancer
Answer: what is the most common primary thyroid cancer?
Q: Anterior to the trachea
Answer: location of thyroglossal duct cysts?
Q: seminoma
Answer: what is the most common testicular tumor?
Q: lymphoma
Answer: what is the most common primary source of testicular metastasis?
Q: epididymitis
Answer: what is the most common cause of an acute scrotum in a postpubertal male?
Q: tunica vaginalis
Answer: hydroceles can be defined as serous fluid accumulated between the two layers of?
Q: seminiferous tubules, tubuli recti, rete testes, efferent ductules, epididymis, vas deferens
Answer: what is the correct pathway of sperm from the testes?
Q: anterior to the aorta and posterior to the left lobe of the liver.
Answer: sonographically the gastroesophageal junction can be visualized where?
Q: Hepatic metastasis
Answer: what is most likely the diagnosis in a patient with elevation of CEA, alkaline phosphatase and GGT?
Q: Biliary obstruction
Answer: Elevation of both GGT and ALP would most likely represent what?
Q: Laterally
Answer: A right adrenal mass will displace the superior pole of the kidney how?
Q: Alanine amniotransferase
Answer: SGPT is the same lab value as what
Q: perpheral zone
Answer: Largest percent of cancers originate from which area of the prostate?
Q: She is pregnant, at least I hope it is a she…ha ha
Answer: the patient has a elevated ALP and normal GGT, what is going on?
Q: Peripherally located hypoechoic lesion
Answer: What is classic appearance of prostate cancer?
Q: transition zone
Answer: Benign prostatic hypertrophy originates from which zone?
Q: posterior superior surface
Answer: the seminal vesicles are located on which surface of the pancreas?
Q: Hepatitis
Answer: what is most likely the diagnosis in a patient with elevated AST and ALT?
Q: GREENFIELD FILTER
Answer: MOST COMMON IVC FILTER?
Q: RENAL CELL CARCINOMA
Answer: MOST COMMON TUMOR TO INVADE IVC?
Q: BETWEEN LIVER, PANCREAS AND STOMACH
Answer: LOCATION OF LESSER SAC?
Q: REST OF PERITONEUM CAVITY, WHEN IMAGING ASCITES WITH FLOATING BOWEL THIS IS GREATER SAC
Answer: LOCATION OF GREATER SAC?
Q: CALCIFIED CIRCLE IS SEEN IN LEFT UPPER QUAD ON X RAY
Answer: TYPICALLY HOW IS A SPLENIC ARTERY ANEURYSM SEEN?
Q: BACTERIAL ENDOCARDITIS AND SPLENIC ARTERY ANEURYSMS
Answer: SPLENIC INFARCT ARE COMMON WITH PATIENTS WHO HAVE WHAT?
Q: INFERIOR AND MEDIAL
Answer: WHAT POSITION DOES THE LEFT KIDNEY LIE TO THE SPLEEN?
Q: MEDIAL AND ANTERIOR
Answer: FUNDUS OF THE STOMACH AND LESSER SAC ARE ____________ AND __________ TO THE SPLENIC HILUM
Q: PERITONEAL AND BETWEEN STOMACH AND DIAPHRAGM
Answer: SPLEEN IS A __________ORGAN LOCATED BETWEEN ____________ AND _________
Q: 12 CM SAG, 8 CM TRANS, 4 CM THICKNESS
Answer: NORMAL SPLEEN MEASUREMENTS? SAG, TRANS AND THICKNESS?
Q: SERUM ACID PHOSPHATASE
Answer: WHAT IS ELEVATED IN ASSOC WITH PROSTATE CANCER?
Q: VIA INTERNAL PUDENDAL, INF VESICAL AND MIDDLE RECTAL ARTERIES, ARE BRANCHES OF ILIAC ARTERIES
Answer: WHAT IS THE ARTERIAL SUPPLY FOR THE PROSTATE?
Q: ADENOMATOID
Answer: WHAT IS MOST COMMON EXTRATESTICULAR TUMOR?
Q: VAS DEFERENS, CREMASTERIC, DIFFERENTIAL, TESTICULAR ARTERIES, PAMPINIFORM PLEXUS OF VEINS AND LYMPHATICS AND NERVES
Answer: WHAT DOES THE SPERMATIC CORD CONSIST OF?
Q: CAPSULAR AND CENTRIPETAL ARTERIES
Answer: TESTICULAR ARTERIES DIVIDE INTO ____________ AND _______________ BRANCHES
Q: SCROTAL RAPHE
Answer: DIVISION OF TWO SCROTAL CHAMBERS IS CALLED?
Q: GFR
Answer: SERUM CONCENTRATION IS INVERSELY RELATED TO
Q: ILIAC FOSSA
Answer: TRANSPLANTED KIDNEY IS USUALLY PLACED WHERE?
Q: SMALL HARD PULSE WHICH RISES AND FALLS SLOWLY
Answer: WHAT IS PULSUS PARVIS ET TARDUS?
Q: LESS THAN 3MM DISTENDED AND LESS THAN 5 MM UNDISTENDED
Answer: WHAT IS NORMAL BLADDER WALL THICKNESS, DISTENDED AND NON DISTENDED?
Q: ISCHEMIA OF MEDULLARY PYRAMIDS, DIAGNOSED BY SLOUGHED PAPILLA IN THE URINE.
Answer: WHAT IS PAPILLARY NECROSIS? AND HOW DIAGNOSED?
Q: ANALGESIC ABUSE
Answer: PAILLARY NECROSIS IS ASSOC WITH WHICH MOST COMMON CONDITION?
Q: WILMS(NEPHROBLASTOMA) 3.5 YEARS
Answer: MOST COMMON CHILDHOOD RENAL TUMOR?
Q: MULTISYSTEM GENETIC DISEASE WITH BENIGN TUMORS GROWING IN ORGANS, IE: BRAIN, KIDNEYS HEART, EYES AND LUNGS
Answer: WHAT IS TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS?
Q: MULTICYSTIC DYSPLASTIC KIDNEY, IS EITHER UNILATERAL OR BILATERAL
Answer: MOST COMMON CAUSE OF ABDOMINAL MASS IN NEWBORN?
Q: HYPERTROPHY OF RENAL CORTICAL PARENCHYMA LOCATED BETWEEN 2 MEDULLARY PYRAMIDS
Answer: WHAT IS COLUMNS OF BERTIN?
Q: TRIANGULAR HYPERECHOIC AREA ON ANT ASPECT OF UPPER POLE OF RT KIDNEY
Answer: JUNCTIONAL PARENCHYMAL DEFECT?
Q: LEFT KIDNEY, LATERAL ASPECT
Answer: DROMEDARY HUMP EFFECTS WHICH KIDNEY?
Q: CROSSED FUSED RENAL ECTOPIA, TWO KIDNEYS VISUALIZED ON ONE SIDE OF ABDOMEN
Answer: SECOND MOST COMMON RENAL FUSION ANAMOLY?
Q: PELVIC KIDNEY, THEY DIDN’T ARISE INTO ABDOMEN
Answer: WHAT DOES ECTOPIC KIDNEY MEAN?
Q: 5 SEGMENTAL ARTERIES
Answer: AT THE HILUM MAIN RENAL ARTERIES DIVIDE INTO?
Q: GLOMERULUS AND GLOMERULUS CAPSULE, (BOWMANS CAPSULE)
Answer: WHAT DOES THE RENAL CORPUSCLE(MALPIGHIAN BODY) CONSIST OF?
Q: MEDULLARY PYRAMIDS
Answer: RENAL PAPILLA ARE APEX OF?
Q: RENAL PELVIS
Answer: MAJOR CALYCES ARE 3 EXTENSIONS OF THE?
Q: POSTERIOR ASPECT OF KIDNEYS
Answer: LOCATION OF QUADRATUS LUMBORUM AND PSOAS MUSCLES IN RELATION TO KIDNEY?
Q: SUPEROMEDIAL
Answer: IN RELATION TO THE RIGHT KIDNEY, THE ADRENAL GLAND IS ?
Q: MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA IS AN INHERITED CANCER SYNDROME
Answer: WHAT IS MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA?
Q: GASTRINOMA, FREQ MALIGNANT
Answer: SECOND MOST COMMON ISLET CELL TUMOR OF PANCREAS? BENIGN OR MALIGNANT?
Q: INSULINOMA
Answer: MOST COMMON ISLET CELL TUMOR?
Q: SERUS CYSTADENOMA-ENIGN AND MUCINOUS CAN BE EITHER MALIGNANT OR BENIGNASS WITH VON HIPPEL LINDAU SYNDROME
Answer: TWO MOST COMMON CYSTIC NEOPLASMS OF THE PANCREAS? ASS WITH WHAT SYNDROME?
Q: < 2 %
Answer: WHAT IS THE FIVE YEAR SURVIVAL RATE % WITH PANCREATIC CARCINOMA?
Q: FAILURE OF PANCREATIC DUCTS TO FUSE DURING DEVELOPMENT
Answer: WHAT IS PANCREATIC DIVISUM?
Q: ABDOMINAL TRAUMA
Answer: IN CHILDREN WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON REASON FOR PANCREATIC PSEUDOCYST?
Q: ANTERIOR PARARENAL SPACE
Answer: WHAT SPACE IS THE PANCREAS LOCATED?
Q: ADULT POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE OR VON HIPPEL LINDAU SYNDROME
Answer: MULTIPLE PANCREATIC CYSTS ARE ASS WITH?
Q: NO
Answer: IS CHRONIC PANCREATITIS REVERSABLE?
Q: STONES WITHIN WIRSUNGS DUCT FROM CHRONIC PANCREATITIS OR STONE AT AMP OF VATER
Answer: PANCREATIC DUCT DILATION IS TYPICALLY DUE TO?
Q: 2MM OR LESS
Answer: NORMAL PANCREATIC DUCT MEASUREMENT?
Q: SUPERIOR MESENTERIC
Answer: SPLENIC VEIN JOINS WHAT VEIN TO CREATE PORTAL VEIN?
Q: PROPER HEPATIC ARTERY
Answer: RIGHT GASTRIC ARTERY IS A BRANCH OF?
Q: DILATION OF INTRAHEPATIC DUCTS
Answer: WHAT IS CAROLI’S DISEASE?
Q: CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA LOCATED AT SPLENIC HILUM, ON INTRAHEPATIC DUCTS DILATE
Answer: KLATSKINS TUMOR?, WHAT DILATES?
Q: EXTRAHEPATIC BILIARY OBSTRUCTION DUE TO IMPACTED STONE IN CYSTIC DUCT
Answer: WHAT IS MIRIZZI’S SYNDROME?
Q: ONLY PROXIMAL DUCTS
Answer: WITH COMMON HEPATIC OBSTRUCTION , WHAT WILL BE DILATED?
Q: DILATED HEPATIC DUCTS ADJACENT TO THE PORTAL VEIN
Answer: WHAT DOES THE PARALLEL CHANNEL SIGN OR SHOTGUN SIGN REFER TO?
Q: MUCOCELE OF GB
Answer: HYDROPS ALSO KNOWN AS?
Q: LEVEL OF AMPULLA OF VATER
Answer: WITH ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS, AMYLASE INCREASE SUGGESTS OBSTRUCTION IS WHERE?
Q: BILLIRUBIN, ALT, AST, ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE
Answer: WITH CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS, WHAT LAB VALUES INCREASE?
Q: CBD AND MAIN PANCREATIC DUCT
Answer: WHAT FORMS THE AMPULLA OF VATER?
Q: CYSTIC DUCT AND COMMON HEPATIC
Answer: WHAT FORMS THE CBD?
Q: 12 X 7X 3
Answer: NORMAL SPLEEN MEASUREMENTS
Q: 2 X 4 X 3
Answer: NORMAL PROSTATE MEASUREMENTS?
Q: ???
Answer: what forms the ampulla of vater?