Prepare for your 9th Grade Physical Science exam with these practice questions and answers. This guide covers matter, energy, forces, motion, waves, and basic chemistry concepts.
Q: chemical change
Answer: a change in which one or more substances combine or break apart to form new substances
Q: chemical equations
Answer: a representation of a chemical reaction that uses symbols to show the relationship between the reactants and the products
Q: law of conservation of matter
Answer: states that matter is neither created nor destroyed, only changed in form
Q: reactant
Answer: a substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction
Q: product
Answer: a chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction
Q: coefficient
Answer: number in front of a variable
Q: subscript
Answer: a number in a chemical formula that tells the number of atoms in a molecule or the ratio of elements in a compound
Q: single displacement
Answer: one element trades places with another element in a compound: A + BC –> AC + B
Q: double displacement
Answer: reaction in which two particles are exchanged by replacing like particles in another formula unit
Q: combustion
Answer: the act of burning something
Q: synthesis
Answer: the process of producing a chemical compound (usually by the union of simpler chemical compounds
Q: decomposition
Answer: a chemical reaction that breaks down compounds into simpler products
Q: exothermic reaction
Answer: a chemical reaction accompanied by the evolution of heat
Q: endothermic reaction
Answer: …, A reaction that absorbs energy in the form of heat
Q: heterogeneous mixture
Answer: a mixture in which different materials can be distinguished easily
Q: homogeneous mixture
Answer: a mixture in which substances are evenly distributed throughout the mixture
Q: solution
Answer: a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
Q: solute
Answer: the dissolved substance in a solution
Q: solvent
Answer: a liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances
Q: amalgam
Answer: A combination of diverse elements; a mixture
Q: alloy
Answer: a mixture containing two or more metallic elements or metallic and nonmetallic elements usually fused together or dissolving into each other when molten
Q: solubility
Answer: the quantity of a particular substance that can dissolve in a particular solvent (yielding a saturated solution)
Q: saturated
Answer: being the most concentrated solution possible at a given temperature
Q: supersaturated
Answer: solution has more solute than it normally can hold at that temperature
Q: dilute
Answer: To make a liquid less concentrated
Q: acid
Answer: any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt
Q: base
Answer: any of various water-soluble compounds capable of turning litmus blue and reacting with an acid to form a salt and water
Q: salt
Answer: an ionic compound that forms when a metal atom or a positive radical replaces the hydrogen of an acid
Q: ionization
Answer: the condition of being dissociated into ions (as by heat or radiation or chemical reaction or electrical discharge)
Q: hydronium ion
Answer: hydrogen ion combines with a water molecule to form a hydronium ion, H3O(+)
Q: hydroxide ion
Answer: the anion OH having one oxygen and one hydrogen atom
Q: pH scale
Answer: a range of numbers used to describe how acidic or basic a solution is; ranges from 0 (most acidic) to 14 (most basic)
Q: neutrilization reaction
Answer: The reaction of the ions that characterize acids (hydronium ions) and the ions that characterize bases(hydroxyde ions) to form water molecules and a salt
Q: electrolyte
Answer: a solution that conducts electricity
Q: strong/weak acids
Answer: Strong Acids will completely dissociate while weak acids will partially dissociate
Q: strong/weak bases
Answer: Strong acids and bases dissociate completely in aqueous solutions, whereas weak acids and bases dissociate partially.
Q: indicator
Answer: a compound that changes color in the presence of an acid or a base
Q: motion
Answer: the act of changing location from one place to another
Q: displacement
Answer: (chemistry) a reaction in which an elementary substance displaces and sets free a constituent element from a compound
Q: vector
Answer: A quantity that has both size and direction
Q: scalar
Answer: of or relating to a directionless magnitude
Q: velocity
Answer: speed in a given direction
Q: momentum
Answer: the force or speed with which something moves
Q: acceleration
Answer: an increase in speed
Q: force
Answer: (physics) the influence that produces a change in a physical quantity
Q: friction
Answer: effort expended in rubbing one object against another
Q: net force
Answer: The combination of all the forces acting on an object
Q: balanced and unbalanced forces
Answer: Balanced – forces that are equal and opposite in directionUnbalanced – forces on an object that are greater than another
Q: gravity
Answer: (physics) the force of attraction between all masses in the universe
Q: weight
Answer: the vertical force exerted by a mass as a result of gravity
Q: Newtons law of motion
Answer: an object in motion will remain in motion unless acted upon by another force
Q: inertia
Answer: the tendency of an object to resist any change in its motion
Q: work
Answer: activity directed toward making or doing something
Q: machine
Answer: any mechanical or electrical device that transmits or modifies energy to perform or assist in the performance of human tasks
Q: simple machine
Answer: a machine that does work with only one movement
Q: pulley
Answer: a grooved wheel with a rope, chain, or cable running along the groove
Q: power
Answer: (physics) the rate of doing work
Q: screw
Answer: a simple machine of the inclined-plane type consisting of a spirally threaded cylindrical rod that engages with a similarly threaded hole
Q: inclined plane
Answer: a simple machine consisting of a flat surface with one end higher than the other
Q: wedge
Answer: something solid that is usable as an inclined plane (shaped like a V) that can be pushed between two things to separate them
Q: block and tackle
Answer: Series of pulleys (sheaves) contained within a wood or metal frame. They are used with rope to provide a mechanical advantage for pulling operations.
Q: energy
Answer: an exertion of force
Q: potential energy
Answer: energy stored due to an object’s position or arrangement
Q: kinetic energy
Answer: the mechanical energy that a body has by virtue of its motion
Q: Law of Conservation of Energy
Answer: the fundamental principle of physics that the total energy of an isolated system is constant despite internal changes
Q: temperature
Answer: the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)
Q: thermal energy
Answer: the total energy of motion in the particles of a substance
Q: heat
Answer: a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature
Q: conduction
Answer: the direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance that it is touching
Q: convection
Answer: the transfer of heat through a fluid (liquid or gas) caused by molecular motion
Q: radiation
Answer: energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles
Q: specific heat
Answer: the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1g of a substance 1 degree Celsius
Q: insulator
Answer: a material that does not allow heat or electrons to move through it easily
Q: conductor
Answer: a device designed to transmit electricity, heat, etc.
Q: voltage
Answer: the difference in electrical charge between two points in a circuit expressed in volts
Q: resistance
Answer: an electrical device that resists the flow of electrical current
Q: electric current
Answer: a flow of electricity through a conductor
Q: capacitor
Answer: An electrical device used to store electrical charge.
Q: induction
Answer: (physics) a property of an electric circuit by which an electromotive force is induced in it by a variation of current
Q: static electricity
Answer: The buildup of electric charges on an object
Q: electric circuit
Answer: an electrical device that provides a path for electrical current to flow
Q: parallel circuit
Answer: circuit in which electric current can follow more than one path
Q: series circuit
Answer: a circuit in which the objects are connected in a single path
Q: circuit breaker
Answer: a device that trips like a switch and opens the circuit when overloaded
Q: fuse
Answer: electrical device that can interrupt the flow of electrical current when it is overloaded
Q: switch
Answer: control consisting of a mechanical or electrical or electronic device for making or breaking or changing the connections in a circuit